1. Spring Semester Final Review
Questions by: T. Shorter
Power Point by: K. Pease

2. Gregor Mendel studied pea plants in his garden during the 1800’s
Gregor Mendel studied pea plants in his garden during the 1800’s. He is know as the father of ___________.
GENETICS

3. TT Cc zz Gg bb NN Qq Dd Vv HH Yy xx EE Jj
Draw a circle around all Heterozygous genotypes above
Draw a square around all Homozygous genotypes.

4. Explain the difference between dominant and recessive traits.
Dominant traits =stronger allele, represented by being written with a CAPITAL letter (TT)
Recessive Traits = weaker allele, represented by being written as a lower case letter. (tt)

5. A cross between a green eyed person and a blue eyed person produces four blue eyed children. What is most likely the dominant color?
Blue eyes

6. Capital letters represent _______ alleles in a genetic cross
Capital letters represent _______ alleles in a genetic cross. Lower Case letters represent a __________ alleles in a genetic cross.
dominant
recessive

7. Describe the difference between phenotype and genotype.
Phenotype =physical appearances
Genotype =genetic alleles

8. Name the type of reproduction (asexual or sexual) seen in each of the pictures below.

9. Asexual reproduction involves __ parent and results in ___ offspring.1
identical
Sexual reproduction involves __ parent and results in ___ offspring. 2
diverse

10. The __________ is an organ in the male reproductive system that produces gametes (sex cells) called ___________.
testi
sperm

11. ovary
The __________ is an organ in the female reproductive system that produces gametes (sex cells) called ___________.
eggs

12. External
___________ fertilization is a type of reproduction where eggs cells are fertilized by sperm OUTSIDE of the body.

13. In humans the _________ pair of chromosomes determines the sex of the offspring.23 xx
__________ chromosomes will result in a female offspring and __________ will result in a male offspring. xy

14. Identify the following traits as inherited or acquired.
A: Nose Shape E: Scar on Arm
B: Hair Color F: Skin color
C: Eye Color G: Attitude
D: Personality H: Curly Hair
Acquired
Inherited
Acquired
Inherited
Inherited
Acquired
Inherited
Acquired

15. If brown eyes are dominant, draw a punnett square to show how two brown-eyed parents can have a child with blue eyes. b B
Phenotype
Brown Eyes
75% B B B B b
25%
Blue Eyes
Genotype
25%
Homozygous Dominant b b b B b
50%
Hetrozygous
25%
Homozygous Recessive

16. Label the Parts of a Flower

17. Describe the adaptations that have allowed birds to survive in different environments.
Beaks
Feathers
Feet

18. circulatory Respiratory Digestive Excretory Muscular Nervous Endocrine
Body System
Function
Transports materials to and from the body cells
Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide gases
Breaks down food and absorbs digestive materials
Removes wastes from blood
Enables the body to move: keeps the heart beating
Sends messages through out the body
Controls many body process by means of chemicals
Produces offspring
Supports and protects the body: makes blood cells
Fights disease and infection in the body
Protects and covers internal structures from the outside environment
circulatory
Respiratory
Digestive
Excretory
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Reproductive
Skeletal
Immune
Integrumentary

19. Label the type of joints seen in the pictures below.
Gliding Joint
Pivot Joint
Ball and Socket
Hindge Joint

20. Word Bank: marrow, muscles, phosphorus, support, calcium, internal
Gives Shape and _________ to your body.
Protects your ________ organs
_________ are attached to bones to help them move.
Blood cells are formed in the bone __________.
___________ and _________ are stored in the bones.
internal
muscles
marrow
calcium
Phosophorus

21. Name the organs through which a piece of food would pass if you ate it.
Mouth to esophagus to stomach to small intestine to large intestine to rectum to anus to toilet

22. How is food prevented from going down the windpipe?
Epiglottis
the epiglottis folds down to a more horizontal position, with its superior side functioning as part of the pharynx. In this manner it prevents food from going into the trachea and instead directs it to the esophagus, which is posterior.

23. What causes food to move down the esophagus?
Peristalsis Muscles

24. What are the two functions of the hydrochloric acid in your stomach?
Chemical Digestion: breaking down food and breaking down protein molecules
Kills harmful bacteria in the stomach

25. What are the two types of digestion
What are the two types of digestion? Describe the difference between the two.
Mechanical Digestion =physical change
Chemical Digestion =chemical change
Mechanical breaks the food into smaller pieces with changing it’s chemical make up.
Chemical breaks the food down into a new substance.

26. What are internal stimuli? Give an example.
An internal stimulus is something from within that gets you do 'do' something. An example of this would be "you feel a hunger pain, so you go get some food".

27. What are external stimuli? Give an example.
An external stimulus is something from outside (the environment) that gets you to 'do' something. And example of this would be "you see a commercial about food, so you go get some food".

28. Birds on the Galapagos Islands
Give 2 examples of animals that changed through the process of natural selection and how these have helped them to survive.
Birds on the Galapagos Islands
Different beaks depending on food available
Tortoise on the Galapagos Islands
Neck and leg length depending on food available

29. Use the formula to calculate the work performed in the pictures below
Use the formula to calculate the work performed in the pictures below. Be sure to show your work.
w= 175 x 500
F = 175
Work = 87,500J
D = 500m
F = 700
W = 700 x 6
Work = 4200J
D = 6m

30. Use the formula to calculate the work performed in the pictures below
Use the formula to calculate the work performed in the pictures below. Be sure to show your work.
F = 70n
W= 70n x 7m
Work = 490J
D = 7m
F = 6.000N
W = 6.000N x 20M
Work = 120J
D = 20m

31. Gravity keeps us from floating away Water
What are some characteristics of our solar system which allow life to exist?
Distance from the Sun
Orbit around the Sun
Oxygen on Earth
Gravity keeps us from floating away
Water

32. Describe how the space shuttle was able to travel out of our atmosphere to orbit around the Earth.
Energy
Food
Water
Oxygen
Electricity

33. Study Hard… YOU can do this!!