1. Jan. 31, 2019
You need:
Clean paper / Pencil
Body Org. Foldable
Warm Up: (on your WARM UP sheet)
What are the levels of organization in the body? (list)
I CAN: identify the parts and function of the excretory system.

2. Audrey.Garris@dpsnc.net Contact Ms.Garris
Phone = (919) ext
Written note…but bring it to me before/after class!! =

3. Be the positive. It takes many “put-ups” to cancel a “put-down.”

4. Check your desk. Please be INTENTIONAL! Place, don’t toss/throw.
Think about noise.

5. MRS NERG-C M - Movement R – Respirations
S – Sensitivity (responds to stimulus)
N – Nutrition / nutrients
E - Excretion
R – Reproduces
G - Growth
C - Cells

6. Body Organization
Organism
Organ System
Organ
Tissue
Cell

7. What are all living things made of?
All living things are made of CELLS! (You have billions of cells inside you.)
Cells have specialized jobs, and are organized in your body.
For example, these red blood cells carry oxygen around your body in your blood.

8. Cells are organized into TISSUES!
A TISSUE is a group of similar cells that all do the same thing (they have the same function).
Examples:
Muscle Tissue (Muscles)
Nervous Tissue (Nerves)
Connective Tissue (Bones)
TISSUES
CELLS

9. Tissues are organized into ORGANS!
An ORGAN is a structure made of different tissues.
The organ does a specific, complex job.
Examples:
Heart Stomach
Brain Lungs
ORGANS
TISSUES
CELLS

10. Organs are organized into ORGAN SYSTEMS!
An ORGAN SYSTEM is a group of organs that work together to perform a major job.
Examples:
Circulatory System
Digestive System
Skeletal System
ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGANS
TISSUES
CELLS

11. Organ Systems are organized into ORGANISMS!
ORGANISM (BODY)
An ORGANISM is a living thing, with organ systems that work together to keep a body alive.
Examples: Human Beings
ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGANS
TISSUES
CELLS

12. What is HOMEOSTASIS?
HOMEOSTASIS is how your body maintains an INTERNAL BALANCE.
It keeps your body STABLE in spite of changes OUTSIDE YOUR BODY.
Example: Your body keeps CONSTANT TEMPERATURE no matter what the outside temperature.

13. The Digestive System

14. The Digestive System (Flip to the back of your notes)
The digestive system has 3 main functions:
It breaks down food into particles that the body can use.
It absorbs nutrients into the blood.
It eliminates waste from the body.
Mouth
Esophagus

15. The Digestive System
Digestion can happen in two ways:
Mechanical digestion: foods are physically broken down into smaller parts (like by teeth).
Chemical digestion: Chemicals called ENZYMES break foods into their smaller “building blocks” (for example, starch gets broken down into sugar).
Mouth
Esophagus

16. Categories of NUTRIENTS
Water
Minerals
Vitamins
Fat
Carbohydrates
Proteins

17. The Digestive System (Now go to the “front” of your notes)
MOUTH: your teeth break down food into smaller pieces (mechanical digestion). Saliva has enzymes that start chemical digestion.
ESOPHAGUS: smooth muscles push food down to the stomach (peristalsis).
Mouth
Esophagus

18. The Digestive System
Most digestion (break down) happens in the Stomach:
Mechanical digestion occurs when the stomach muscles churn the food.
Chemical digestion happens when stomach acid breaks down food.
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach

19. The Digestive System
Liver, gallbladder and pancreas: produces & stores chemicals (enzymes) that help digest food in the small intestine.
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder

20. The Digestive System
Small intestine: completes chemical digestion and absorbs nutrients for the body. The nutrients pass through the villi into blood vessels.
Large intestine: water is reabsorbed by the body.
Rectum: compresses waste into a solid form.
Stomach
Esophagus
Mouth
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum

21. Mouth Esophagus Stomach Liver Rectum Pancreas Small intestine
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum

24. Paper guts
Color
Cut out
Assemble
Paste

25. BrainPop! Log onto the computer. Go to BrainPop (www.brainpop.com)
Log into BrainPop
Username: carrington1
Password: cougars
On BrainPop –
Find Body Systems
Watch the movie clip, try the quiz.
Find the specific body system called the DIGESTIVE system.
Watch the movie clip, try the quiz. You may try multiple times.
Choose your final quiz answers ON THE PAPER VERSION!
Search Body Systems and scroll down to the games. Play “Build-A-Body: Digestive System”

26. The Digestive System Mouth Esophagus Stomach Liver Rectum Pancreas
Gallbladder
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Pancreas

28. Excretory System
Fluid’s

29. Main Function:
The system of the body that collects waste produced by cells and removes the wastes from the body. (also known as: excretion)

30. Wastes Eliminated:
It specifically removes Urea – chemicals that come from the break down of proteins
Excess water
Other wastes

31. Structures of the excretory system
Kidneys – (2) filter blood
Ureters – 2 narrow tubes that leading from the kidneys to the bladder
Urinary Bladder-fist sized pouch (muscular sac) that holds about 2 cups of urine
Urethra – exit tube

32. The Kidneys and their Nephrons
The kidneys are made of millions of nephrons, tiny filter factories.
First, the wastes and the needed materials, like glucose and water, are filtered out of blood
Second, the needed materials are returned to the blood and wastes are eliminated.

33. Not on Notes – but read and discuss
What happens in a nephron?
Not on Notes – but read and discuss
1. Blood flows from an artery into a nephron in the kidney.
2. Blood reaches a cluster of capillaries. There – urea, water, glucose, and other materials are filtered out of the blood. These materials pass into a capsule that surrounds the capillaries.
3. The materials that were removed pass into a long, twisting tube that is surrounded by capillaries.
4. As the filtered material flows through the tube, most of the water and glucose are re-absorbed into the blood. Most of the urea stays in the tube.
5. After the reabsorbing process is complete, the liquid that remains in the tube is called urine.

34. What happens in a nephron?
Not on Notes – but read and discuss
Blood flows from an ___________ into a nephron in the _______________.
Blood reaches a cluster of ____________ where ____________, ___________, __________, and _____________ are filtered out of the blood.
The materials that were removed pass into a long, twisting tube that is surrounded by ____________________.
artery
kidney
capillaries
urea
water
glucose
other materials
capillaries

35. What happens in a nephron?
Not on Notes – but read and discuss
4. As the filtered material flows through the tube, most of the ________________ and the ______________ are re-absorbed into the blood. Most of the _______________ stays in the tube. 5. After the _________________________ process is complete, the liquid that remains in the tube is called __________________.
water
glucose
urea
re-absorbing
urine

36. Not on Notes – but read and discuss
Nephrons
Not on Notes – but read and discuss
Capillaries
Capillaries
Urea
Urea, water, glucose, and other materials…
water, glucose
Kidney

37. After the reabsorbing process is complete, the liquid that remains in the tube is called… URINE.

38. What happens in the Nephrons?
Just to review…
Materials and wastes go through the tubes
Protein, glucose, most water, and some other materials return to the blood
Wastes and small amounts of water stay and are excreted

39. Analyzing signs of disease…
Doctors will dip a strip of paper into urine to test for the presence of glucose and protein.
The presence of Glucose = diabetes
The presence of Protein = kidneys not functioning correctly

40. Homeostasis with Excretion
Excretion maintains homeostasis by keeping the body’s internal environment stable and free of harmful levels of chemicals.
Kidneys
Lungs and Skin
Liver

41. Homeostasis Kidneys Regulate amount of water in your body
Hot day – you will sweat a lot, but you don’t drink a lot so you excrete small amounts of urine

42. Homeostasis Lungs and Skin Exhale carbon dioxide and water vapor
Sweat water and urea
Liver
Breaks down wastes before excreting them

43. Word Bank
Kidney
Bladder
Nephron
Blood vessel/blood
Ureters
Urethra

44. Are there any questions?