1. Urine Dipstick to Detect Trace Proteinuria: An Underused Tool for an Underappreciated Risk Marker 
Chi Pang Wen, MD, DrPH, Yi Chen Yang, MS, Min Kuang Tsai, MS 
American Journal of Kidney Diseases 
Volume 58, Issue 1, Pages 1-3 (July 2011)
DOI: /j.ajkd
Copyright © 2011 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
The dose-response relationship between albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and hazard ratio (HR) observed by fitting a curvilinear line through the 5 levels of all-cause mortality risk identified by dipstick testing in a Taiwanese cohort. The hazard ratios, adjusted for 12 risk factors, came from a cohort of 464,709 adults recruited since 1994, with ACR values additionally analyzed on a subset with dipstick results classified as negative (n = 773), trace proteinuria (n = 300), 1+ (n = 142), 2+ (n = 72), and 3+ (n = 24) in The age, sex, and educational distributions of individuals in each dipstick category in this subset have been tested and found to be grossly similar to those in the overall cohort. Dashed lines indicate 25th-75th percentiles of ACR.
Source: Wen et al.3
American Journal of Kidney Diseases  , 1-3DOI: ( /j.ajkd )
Copyright © 2011 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions