1. AIM: How did military spending affect people in the United States?
The Arms Race
AIM: How did military spending affect people in the United States?
Why did the United States and the Soviet Union spend so much money on nukes?

2. Writing Warm Up
2/28 Review: Describe three policies that the United States used to contain the spread of communism.

3. Defining the Arms Race
Arms Race = A race between countries to develop more and better weapons.

4. The NATO Alliance
NATO: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was a group of Western nations that pledged to support each other if attacked.

5. The Warsaw Pact
Warsaw Pact: Defensive alliance formed by the Soviet union and seven of its satellites in Eastern Europe.

6. Heating up
Sept 2, 1949: An American Plane detects radiation over Soviet airspace.
Soviets have the bomb way ahead of schedule.

7. Now it’s a race
U.S. responds by testing the first Hydrogen Bomb in 1952.
U.S.S.R. tests its own H-Bomb in 1953.
26 times more powerful than the bombs dropped on Japan

8. Arms Race
For the next 40 years, the superpowers spent increasing amounts of money acquiring more powerful weapons.
Many feared that a war would destroy the world.

9. “I am become death – the destroyer of worlds” (Robert Oppenheimer)

10. “The release of atom power has changed everything… If only I had known, I should have become a watchmaker.”
Albert Einstein

11. Why so many nukes? “Massive Retaliation” “Brinksmanship”
“Mutually Assured Destruction”

12. Massive Retaliation
U.S. policy that stated that the U.S. would respond to commy threats to allies with overwhelming force.
Maybe even nukes
Why threaten massive retaliation?

13. Brinksmanship
The policy of pushing events to the verge of disaster in order to gain an advantage.
Hopefully your enemy backs down for fear of destruction.

14. Mutually Assured Destruction
The belief that the use of nuclear weapons by either side will destroy both sides.
Nukes deter either side from using nukes.

15. Impact of Arms Race Policies
U.S. invests in nukes & things to deliver them.
(subs, planes, silos)
Increased nuke testing and stockpiles.
Other countries want nukes.

16. Space Race If you can launch a spaceship you can deliver a nuke.
If you can put a satellite in space, you can put a nuke anywhere on the globe.
Sputnik 

17. Sputnik
Soviet Union launched Sputnik (satellite) in Launched the superpowers competition for space.

18. U.S. responds to Sputnik
Congress quickly approved the National Defense Education Act.
$1 Billion to produce more scientists and science teachers.
Founded NASA to organize space efforts.