1. Ultraviolet Disinfection - BIO-SECURITY Specification, Operation and Maintenance in a New Era 2010 Regional Aquatics Workshop Presented By: Adrian Megay

2. Agenda Is Bio-Security a concern?Is Bio-Security a concern? What is UV light?What is UV light? UV Benefits & LimitationsUV Benefits & Limitations How to Guarantee Selection SuccessHow to Guarantee Selection Success when choosing UV equipment for your Exhibit UV System DesignUV System Design Types of UV LampsTypes of UV Lamps and how they affect cost of ownership Selecting a UV System with confidenceSelecting a UV System with confidence The importance of routine maintenanceThe importance of routine maintenance ConclusionConclusion

3. Types of exhibits successfully using Ultraviolet Sterilization: Mammal Bathing Pools Reptile Pools

4. Types of exhibits successfully using Ultraviolet Sterilization: Avian Ponds Marine & Freshwater Aquariums Also: Quarantine/Holding Facilities & Touch Pools

5. What is UV Light? The Germicidal Action Spectrum Curve is identified on the Spectrum of Light chart below; of which, UV-Cs 264 nanometers is the most efficient wavelength for living microorganism disinfection.

6. UV Benefits UV treatment takes place only inside the UV exposure chamber. UV treatment leaves no residual downstream In contrast, chlorine/bromine leaves a residual in the water that can irritate the skin and eye tissue of mammals, reptiles, and birds. And Ozone, if not measured and controlled properly, is capable of causing severe tissue damage, even death in fish and invertebrates.

7. UV Limitations Exposure time between the waterborne microorganism and the UV-C light is critical to achieving successful UV disinfection. The condition of the applications water (%UVT) will determine how well the UV-C light penetrates through it. UV-C is absorbed by the targeted microorganism or by other organic waterborne particles. It is for this reason that UV equipment should be positioned after the mechanical filter.

8. Step One: Identify the Applications Percent UV Light Transmissibility (%UVT). %UVT and Turbidity are not synonymous! %UVT is the measurement of UV-C light transmittance in water. Contaminates and other waterborne agents will absorb UV light. Knowing the actual condition of the applications water is essential for calculating an accurate UV flow rate and ultimately achieving successful UV treatment! A credible UV Manufacturer will allow you to submit an application water sample and will provide you with %UVT test results. The test sample should represent a worse case scenario. How to Guarantee Selection Success when choosing UV equipment for your Exhibit Note: This is only a visual representation of %UVT.

9. The following charts demonstrate how a lower %UVT parallels a diminished UV dose when operating a 780 Watt UV Sterilizer at a flow rate of 150 GPM. How to Guarantee Selection Success when choosing UV equipment for your Exhibit

10. Algae: Chlorella Vulgaris Pseudomonas Fluorescens E.Coli Fecal Coliforms Amyloodinium Ocellateum Cryptocaryon Irritans Step Two: An individual microorganisms uniqueness is determined by its size, life cycle, and physical makeup, which explains why each requires a specific and different UV dose. How to Guarantee Selection Success when choosing UV equipment for your Exhibit

11. Identify the Targeted Microorganism and its required UV Dose for effective treatment. How to Guarantee Selection Success when choosing UV equipment for your Exhibit

12. Step Three: Water Flow Rate Indentify the applications minimum and maximum water flow rate. Failure to establish a proper flow rate could result in insufficient UV dosages and/or exhibit turn-over rates. Water Flow Meters are accurate measuring devices and are strongly recommended. How to Guarantee Selection Success when choosing UV equipment for your Exhibit

13. UV System Design The pivotal component of any UV sterilizer is its UV lamp. Critical performance characteristics include: output performance, arc length, and useful lamp life. The power source (ballast) operates the lamp and Must match its specific operating parameters (operating current and input watts). The UV reactor is essentially the space that houses the UV lamp field; the dimensions of which are based upon the lamps operating specifications. UV lamp + Ballast + UV Lamp Array

14. Types of UV Lamps and how they affect Cost of Ownership End of Useful Lamp Life Comparison

15. Types of UV Lamps and how they affect Cost of Ownership UV Lamp UV-C Output Comparison

16. Types of UV Lamps and how they affect Cost of Ownership UV Lamp Operating Temperature & Electrical Consumption = Optimum Application Water Temperature = Optimum Lamp Operating Temperature

17. Low-Pressure UV Sterilizer Systems are Cost-effective, from initial equipment purchase to the overall cost of ownership. For example: Oregon Department of Fish & Game Lookingglass Hatchery A 2,100-watt, 1,500 GPM UV Sterilizer system with 14 Lamps providing 30,000 µWs/cm 2 @ 90%UVT had a daily operating cost of $2.86. -Annual replacement parts cost = $1,900 -Annual Maintenance man-hours = 3 Types of UV Lamps and how they affect Cost of Ownership

18. Selecting a UV System with Confidence 3 Steps to Success Third-Party Validation & Accreditation

19. Selecting a UV System with Confidence 3 Steps to Success Third-Party Validation & Accreditation

20. Routine Maintenance & Replacement Parts 1.Replace lamps per manufacturers recommended specifications : Low-Pressure typically 9,000 hours. 2.Replace quartz sleeve compression gaskets each time the corresponding lamp is changed. 3.Clean and inspect quartz sleeves periodically. It is recommended to replace Quartz Sleeves should they exhibit hairline cracks, gouges, pitting or permanent mineral deposits or stains. -To Clean Dirt: Use a mild dish washing detergent, thoroughly rinse and dry before reusing. -To Clean Calcium: Use Muriatic Acid or vinegar to dissolve the calcium, thoroughly rinse with clean water and dry before reusing. 3 Labor hours annually on a typical application.

21. In Conclusion Achieving Successful Germicidal Disinfection with UV The most critical factor associated with achieving successful UV disinfection is customer awareness. Buyer awareness, regarding key UV operating characteristics, can make the difference between purchasing equipment that delivers the expected result or a system that falls short of providing adequate bio-security.