1. Reforming American Society
Which parts of American society needed to be reformed?
How did reformers go about acheiving their goals?

2. Revivalism Held large, public revival meetings (religious gatherings)
Charles G. Finney
PROBLEMS TO SOLVE
Lack of Faith & Personal Responsibility
Challenged the belief that God had predestined your salvation (Heaven/Hell)
Stressed personal responsibility—your actions matter
METHODS USED
Held large, public revival meetings (religious gatherings)
Influential speakers used moving sermons to motivate followers

3. are tiny matters compared
Transcendentalism
Ralph Waldo
Emerson
What lies behind us
and what lies before us
are tiny matters compared
to what lies within us.
Ralph Waldo Emerson
PROBLEMS TO SOLVE
Personal Responsibility for actions
Believed that faith could be found without large, loud, public revival meetings.
METHODS USED
Stressed individual strength & a simple life
Truth found in nature
Used literature to call for human rights (wanted to end slavery, reform institutions & prisons)

4. School & Prison Reform Fought for public schools for all
Horace Mann
Dorathea Dix
PROBLEMS TO SOLVE
Lack of Education
Few received a formal education beyond 10 yrs
Inhumane treatment of Mentally ill and Prisoners
Mentally ill were jailed with prisoners, both treated harshly
METHODS USED
Fought for public schools for all
Published fact finding reports, spoke out publicly, stressed rehabilitation for prisoners

5. Slavery & Abolition
Frederick Douglass
William Lloyd Garrison
PROBLEMS TO SOLVE
Slavery in the South
Apathy toward slavery in the North
Douglass & Garrison helped to fuel the abolitionist movement in the North
METHODS USED
Douglass toured the north to speak out against slavery
became a walking contradiction of what the South believed about African Americans
Both Douglass & Garrison published anti-slavery newspapers

6. Women & Reform Held large public protests
Susan B. Anthony
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
PROBLEMS TO SOLVE
Women’s Rights
Temperance (alcohol abuse)
Abolition of Slavery Responsibility
Women called for rights equal to that of men
Saw temperance as a family issue
Were more sensitive to slavery than were men
METHODS USED
Held large public protests
Held Women’s Rights convention (Seneca Falls)
Spoke out through rallies & various writings

7. Changes in the Workplace
PROBLEMS TO SOLVE
Worsening conditions in factories/mills
Poor working conditions for women and children
Substandard wages for mill workers
The growth of the factory/mill system caused poor/hazardous working conditions
METHODS USED
Early attempts for workers to organize into unions
Formation of National Trades Union
Workers begin to strike to achieve better conditions

8. Which parts of American society needed to be reformed?
Revivalists/Transcendentalists attempted to reform the problems of morality & personal responsibility
Reformers also attempted to fix public education & gain humane treatment for the mentally ill & prison reform
Women’s rights, and the Abolitionists movements also gained ground
Workers also started to mobilize for fair treatment from employers
How did reformers go about acheiving their goals?
Reformers organized protests/strikes, spoke out against problems, printed newspapers, drew public attention to problems to bring about reform & change