1. APARTHEID APARTHEID South African Nelson Mandela & F.W. de Klerk
Presentation, Graphic Organizers, & Activities

2. STANDARDS: SS7H1 Analyze continuity and change in Africa.
c. Explain the creation and end of apartheid in South Africa and the roles of Nelson Mandela and F.W.de Klerk.
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3. TEACHER INFO: CLOZE Notes
The next pages are handouts for the students to use for note-taking during the presentation. (Print front to back to save paper and ink.)
Check the answers as a class after the presentation.
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4. Apartheid in South Africa
Bantu Authorities Act
Segregation
Apartheid
Power
Colonization
As a result of this law, ______________________ were excluded from participating in the government.
At this time, whites owned ______________________, although they only represented 10% of the population.
In 1951, government officials created the ______________________, which created “homelands” for black South Africans.
What does this remind you of? ______________________
Under apartheid, blacks ______________________ or participate in government.
It separated South Africa into ______________________, restricting where blacks could live, work, travel, sit, go to the bathroom, eat, etc.
The policy of apartheid took a ______________________ in the country.
In Afrikaans (the language of white South Africans), apartheid means “______________________”.
Apartheid was a social and political policy of ______________________ and discrimination.
The National Party enforced the ______________________ through legislation across South Africa.
In 1948, a new political party, the ______________________, came to power and voted to implement a series of restrictive segregationist laws, known collectively as apartheid.
Governing power was only ______________________.
In 1910, ______________________ established the Union of South Africa.
More European settlers ______________________ than to anywhere else on the continent.
In 1685, the first ______________________ became visible when a law was passed forbidding whites and Africans to marry in the territory.
South Africa was eventually ______________________ from the Dutch settlers (after the Boer War).
In the 1600s, the ______________________ colonized South Africa.
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Apartheid in South Africa
CLOZE Notes 1

5. Apartheid in South Africa
Non-Violence
Mandela
A.N.C.
Life Under Apartheid
He urged the ANC members to follow Gandhi’s beliefs in ______________________.
Nelson Mandela ______________________, who had used peaceful protests in India.
Mandela became a prominent member of the African National Congress and participated in numerous ANC-led ______________________.
Mandela wanted to defend poor, black South Africans charged with ______________________.
After graduating college, he ______________________ and opened the South Africa’s first black law firm
Even though he was the first person in his family to attend school, he was an ______________________.
On his first day of school, his teacher gave him the ______________________.
His father died when he was 9, and he was sent to ______________________ who took care of his education.
He was a member of the ______________________, and his father was chief of the city of Mvezo.
Rolihlahla Mandela was born on ______________________ in South Africa.
Eventually, the ANC was ______________________ by the South African government and members were often arrested.
The goal of the ANC was to ______________________ of native Africans, although the group had no real power in government.
In the 1950s, the ______________________, or ANC, began to actively fight apartheid.
South Africans were unable to leave their Bantustan ______________________.
Bantustans offered a ______________________ and were unfit for the large populations forced to live there.
Bantustans were ______________________(“homelands”) for native Africans to live on.
Afrikaners lived in up-scale neighborhoods while native South Africans ______________________ or in Bantustans.
Apartheid allowed many whites to ______________________, while millions of blacks suffered.
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Apartheid in South Africa
CLOZE Notes 2

6. Apartheid in South Africa
Peace Prize
The End
F.W. de Klerk
Imprisoned
Sharpeville
In 1993, de Klerk and Mandela shared the ______________________ for moving the country peacefully to a nonracial democracy.
The Constitution ______________________ and granted equality to all South Africans.
The two men worked together to write a ______________________ for South Africa.
Mandela resumed his position as president of the ANC and President de Klerk continued working within South Africa’s government to ______________________.
In 1990, Nelson Mandela was pardoned by de Klerk and became a free man after ______________________ in prison.
de Klerk ______________________ of many black South Africans who were imprisoned for opposing apartheid law.
Almost immediately, de Klerk ______________________ on the ANC.
de Klerk saw that apartheid was hurting the country’s economy and believed the system was unfair and ______________________.
In 1989, ______________________ became president of South Africa.
There, he had to do ______________________ and was allowed one visitor every six months.
Mandela was sent to prison on ______________________.
In 1964, at the age of 46, he was found guilty and sentenced to _______________________.
In 1962, Mandela was ______________________ of sabotage and plotting to overthrow the government.
After this, the ANC and Mandela began to advocate more violent methods of ______________________.
______________________ and 180 were wounded.
In 1960, a peaceful protest of apartheid at the town of ______________________ as South African policemen fired on the protestors.
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Apartheid in South Africa
CLOZE Notes 3

7. Apartheid in South Africa
Today
Political Equality
The rural areas where blacks are predominate are still ______________________.
Most of the wealth is concentrated in predominately ______________________.
There is still ______________________ and poverty throughout the country.
Despite having a stable democratic government and the second largest economy in Africa, South Africa still has ______________________.
Nelson Mandela became South Africa's ______________________(president) and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election.
In 1994, South Africa held its first election ______________________.
After years of protests, black South Africans began to have a ______________________ of their country.
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Apartheid in South Africa
CLOZE Notes 4

8. APARTHEID South African Nelson Mandela & F.W. de Klerk
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9. Republic of South Africa
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10. Colonization
In the 1600s, the British and the Dutch colonized South Africa.
South Africa was eventually seized by the British from the Dutch settlers (after the Boer War).
In 1685, the first policy of white superiority became visible when a law was passed forbidding whites and Africans to marry in the territory.
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11. The arrival of the first European settlers -- Jan van Riebeeck (Dutch East India Company) in Table Bay in April 1652.
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12. Power
More European settlers came to South Africa than to anywhere else on the continent.
In 1910, Great Britain established the Union of South Africa.
Governing power was only given to whites.
In 1948, a new political party, the National Party, came to power and voted to implement a series of restrictive segregationist laws, known collectively as apartheid.
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13. National Party 1948
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14. Apartheid
The National Party enforced the policy of apartheid through legislation across South Africa.
Apartheid was a social and political policy of racial segregation and discrimination.
In Afrikaans (the language of white South Africans), apartheid means “apartness”.
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15. During the Apartheid Era
South African Signs
During the Apartheid Era
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16. Segregation The policy of apartheid took a strong hold in the country.
It separated South Africa into whites and non-whites, restricting where blacks could live, work, travel, sit, go to the bathroom, eat, etc.
Under apartheid, blacks could not vote or participate in government.
What does this remind you of??
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18. Bantu Authorities Act
In 1951, government officials created the Bantu Authorities Act, which created “homelands” for black South Africans.
At this time, whites owned 80% of the land, although they only represented 10% of the population.
As a result of this law, 9 million South Africans were excluded from participating in the government.
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20. Life Under Apartheid
Apartheid allowed many whites to grow wealthy and powerful, while millions of blacks suffered.
Afrikaners lived in up-scale neighborhoods while native South Africans lived in slums or in Bantustans.
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22. Life Under Apartheid
Bantustans were artificially created reservations (“homelands”) for native Africans to live on.
Bantustans offered a poor quality of land and were unfit for the large populations forced to live there.
South Africans were unable to leave their Bantustan without a passport.
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23. Black South Africans line up at the counter of a government office to get their new passbooks in Johannesburg, South Africa, April 7, 1960.
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25. A.N.C.
In the 1950s, the African National Congress, or ANC, began to actively fight apartheid.
The goal of the ANC was to increase rights of native Africans, although the group had no real power in government.
Eventually, the ANC was declared illegal by the South African government and members were often arrested.
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27. (Nelson Mandela, second from right)
ANC Members
(Nelson Mandela, second from right)
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28. Mandela Rolihlahla Mandela was born on July 18, 1918 in South Africa.
He was a member of the Thimbu tribe, and his father was chief of the city of Mvezo.
His father died when he was 9, and he was sent to live with a tribal chief who took care of his education.
On his first day of school, his teacher gave him the name of Nelson.
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29. Rolihlahla “Nelson” Mandela
A Member of the Thimbu Tribe
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30. Mandela
Even though he was the first person in his family to attend school, he was an excellent student.
After graduating college, he became a lawyer and opened the South Africa’s first black law firm
Mandela wanted to defend poor, black South Africans charged with breaking apartheid laws.
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32. Non-Violence
Mandela became a prominent member of the African National Congress and participated in numerous ANC-led protests against apartheid.
Nelson Mandela admired Gandhi, who had used peaceful protests in India.
He urged the ANC members to follow Gandhi’s beliefs in non-violent protests.
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33. Sharpeville
In 1960, a peaceful protest of apartheid at the town of Sharpeville turned violent as South African policemen fired on the protestors.
69 people were killed and 180 were wounded.
After this, the ANC and Mandela began to advocate more violent methods of protesting the government.
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34. 1960 Apartheid Protest – “Sharpeville Massacre”
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37. Imprisoned
In 1962, Mandela was captured and accused of sabotage and plotting to overthrow the government.
In 1964, at the age of 46, he was found guilty and sentenced to life in prison.
Mandela was sent to prison on Robben Island.
There, he had to do hard labor and was allowed one visitor every six months.
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40. F.W. de Klerk In 1989, F.W. de Klerk became president of South Africa.
de Klerk saw that apartheid was hurting the country’s economy and believed the system was unfair and needed to change.
Almost immediately, de Klerk renounced the ban on the ANC.
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41. F.W. de Klerk
de Klerk ordered the release of many black South Africans who were imprisoned for opposing apartheid law.
In 1990, Nelson Mandela was pardoned by de Klerk and became a free man after serving 27 years in prison.
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42. F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela
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43. Mandela Released from Prison
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44. The End
Mandela resumed his position as president of the ANC and President de Klerk continued working within South Africa’s government to end apartheid.
The two men worked together to write a new Constitution for South Africa.
The Constitution officially ended apartheid and granted equality to all South Africans.
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45. Peace Prize
In 1993, de Klerk and Mandela shared the Nobel Peace Prize for moving the country peacefully to a nonracial democracy.
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46. F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela
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47. Political Equality
After years of protests, black South Africans began to have a role in the government of their country.
In 1994, South Africa held its first election open to all races.
Nelson Mandela became South Africa's first black chief executive (president) and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election.
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48. Waiting in Line to Vote
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49. Mandela Voting, 1994
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51. Today
Despite having a stable democratic government and the second largest economy in Africa, South Africa still has major issues.
There is still economic inequality and poverty throughout the country.
Most of the wealth is concentrated in predominately white urban areas.
The rural areas where blacks are predominate are still terribly poor.
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52. Rolihlahla “Nelson” Mandela
July 18, 1918 – December 5, 2013
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53. TEACHER INFO: Capturing Apartheid
Print off the Capturing Apartheid handout for each student.
In the camera lens, the students will draw one of the events from the apartheid era in South Africa.
In the textbox, they will write a paragraph from their perspective of the event—as if they were right there capturing the picture.
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54. Capturing Apartheid
Directions: In the camera lens, draw one of the events from the apartheid era in South Africa. In the textbox, write a paragraph from your perspective of the event— as if you were right there capturing the picture on camera. In the viewfinder, write the event title.
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55. TEACHER INFO: Facebook
Print off the Facebook handout for each student.
Have the students create a profile as if they are either Nelson Mandela or F.W. de Klerk.
Project the directions slide onto the screen. I like to leave this up while the students work so that they know exactly what goes in each box.
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56. Name: Age: Birthday: Location:
Three important things that you should know about me…
Name:
Age:
Birthday:
Location:
I strongly believe in…
I am fighting against…
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57. Name: Age: Birthday: Location:
Name of a related person, place, group, etc.
Draw picture of something that represents the person
Write a status about something the person could be doing.
Write the name of it
Draw a picture of the person
Three important things that you should know about me…
Write the name of it
What are important things that we should know about the person? Write a status about those things. #2 #3
Write the name of it
Name:
Age:
Birthday:
Location:
I strongly believe in…
Write a status about the person’s goals and beliefs.
Draw picture of possible friend #2
I am fighting against…
Write a status about what the person does NOT believe in. #3 #4
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58. TEACHER INFO: Txt Msgs
Print off the Txt Msgs handout for each student.
The students will write text messages between Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk that were sent after apartheid ended in South Africa.
The first message should portray Mandela’s attitude and ideas about rebuilding South Africa after his release from prison.
The second message is de Klerk’s response to Mandela’s text.
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59. Significant Figure Txt Msgs
Directions:
Based on what you know about apartheid in South Africa, what do you think text messages between Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk would say? Write a message from Mandela sharing his thoughts regarding rebuilding South Africa after he was released from prison. (The message should portray his attitude and ideas.) In the second message, write de Klerk’s response to Mandela’s text.
Mandela
De Klerk
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60. TEACHER INFO: Historical Haikus
Print off the Historical Haikus handout for each student.
The students will write a haiku for key events from this lesson. You may need to refresh their memory on what a haiku is—I tell them that they are the “Twitter of poetry” because they are so short (3 lines, syllables). It is a good idea to write an example on the board! (I’ve included one below.)
When finished, the students can illustrate their haikus. Also, let them take turns sharing in small groups or as a whole class.
Apartheid
In South Africa
Racial discrimination
Denied equal rights
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61. Your Choice: ____________
Historical Haikus
Directions: Haiku is a very short form of poetry that only has 3 lines containing 17 syllables. Your task is to write a haiku for each key term below. When finished, you may draw an illustration to accompany each haiku. Haikus follow this format: Line 1: 5 syllables Line 2: 7 syllables Line 3: 5 syllables
Apartheid
Nelson Mandela
F.W. de Klerk
Your Choice: ____________
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62. TEACHER INFO: Comprehension Check
Print off the Comprehension Check for each student.
After the lesson, have the students answer the questions. *This could also be used as a quiz.
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63. Comprehension Check Apartheid
Which European powers colonized South Africa?
Which political party came to power in South Africa in 1948?
What were the apartheid laws?
How did the apartheid laws impact lives?
What did the Bantu Authorities Act do in 1952?
What was the African National Congress?
Who was Nelson Mandela?
What was the Sharpeville Massacre?
How did South Africa’s government react to the ANC and Mandela?
Describe Mandela’s prison experience:
Who was F.W. de Klerk?
How did he change South African policy?
Why did de Klerk and Mandela win the Nobel Peace Prize?
What is significant about the year 1994?
What is South Africa like today?
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Comprehension Check
Apartheid

64. TEACHER INFO: TICKET OUT THE DOOR
Print off the #Summary Ticket Out the Door for each student. (There are 2 to a page.)
They should write a hashtag for the important vocabulary words on the ticket. They may write more than one for each word.
Example: Mandela: #freeatlast #equalrightsforall
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65. #Summary #Summary @National_Party: @Apartheid: @Nelson_Mandela:
Name:
Name:
#Summary
#Summary
Directions: Write a hashtag for each of the following terms.
Directions: Write a hashtag for each of the following terms.
@National_Party:
@Apartheid:
@Nelson_Mandela:
@Sharpeville:
@FW_de_Klerk:
@National_Party:
@Apartheid:
@Nelson_Mandela:
@Sharpeville:
@FW_de_Klerk:
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66. Respond to the readings and videos using the following guidelines:
PowerPoint Discussion (Answer after reading PowerPoint and completing Cloze Notes)
Respond to the readings and videos using the following guidelines:
Aha! moments (Something(s) you didn’t know and find amazing)
Connections (To your own personal experience or someone you know)
Observations (Where have you seen this before? How does it compare?)
Wonderings (Do you have questions? Are you clear about the message?)
Inspiration (What does this reading mean to you and how can you change any issues?)