1. Cellular Respiration
Biology 1
Ms. Duncan

2. Pronunciation
Glycolysis
Mitochondria
Respiration
Calorie

3. Why do we get hungry?
Food provides the building blocks for our cells; it is a source of energy!!!

4. Respiration – Converting ADP into ATP
How do cells use this energy?
Movement, synthesis, active transport, reproduction, etc.
Cellular Respiration provides this energy by converting ADP to ATP
Ex: muscle cells convert ADP to ATP at a rate of 10 million per second!!!!!
ATP Review video

5. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Chemical Pathways
Food serves as a source of raw materials for the cells in the body and as a source of energy.
Animal
Animal Cells
Mitochondrion
Plant
Photo Credits: left: ©Bob Gurr/DRK Photo; middle bottom: ©John Durham/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers, Inc. ; middle top: ©Ron Boardman/Stone; right: ©Keith Porter/Photo Researchers, Inc.
Plant Cells
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6. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Both plant and animal cells carry out the final stages of cellular respiration in the mitochondria.
Mitochondrion
Animal Cells
Outer membrane
Intermembrane space
Inner membrane
Photo Credits: left: ©Bob Gurr/DRK Photo; middle bottom: ©John Durham/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers, Inc. ; middle top: ©Ron Boardman/Stone; right: ©Keith Porter/Photo Researchers, Inc.
Matrix
Plant Cells
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7. copyright cmassengale
Mitochondria
Organelle where cellular respiration takes place.
Mitochondria video
Inner
membrane space
Matrix
Cristae
Outer
membrane
Inner
membrane
copyright cmassengale

8. Chemical Energy and Food
One gram of the sugar glucose (C6H12O6), when burned in the presence of oxygen, releases 3811 calories of heat energy.
A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius.
Click for Video Clip

9. Overview of Cellular Respiration
Electrons carried in NADH
Electrons carried
in NADH and
FADH2
Pyruvic acid
Glucose
Glycolysis
Cytoplasm
Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm. The Krebs cycle and electron transport take place inside the mitochondria.
Mitochondrion
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10. Cellular Respiration Equation
Oxygen + glucose  carbon dioxide + water + energy
6O2 + C6H12O6  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Look familiar?

11. Occurs in 3 stages Glycolysis Kreb’s Cycle Electron Transport Chain
Cellular Respiration
Occurs in 3 stages
Glycolysis
Kreb’s Cycle
Electron Transport Chain

12. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Glycolysis
Glukus = sugar
Lysis = split
2 ATP
2 ADP
4 ADP
4 ATP
Glycolysis is the first stage in cellular respiration. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid.
Glucose
2 Pyruvic
acid
2 NAD+
2 NADH
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13. Glycolysis made easy What is needed (reactants)?
Glucose, 2 ATP, 2 NAD+
What is produced (products)?
2 pyruvic acids, 2 NADH, 4 ATP
Where does this occur?
Cytoplasm of the cell
2 ATP
2 NAD+
2 NADH
4 ATP

14. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Glycolysis – a 2nd look
2 ATP
2 ADP
4 ADP
4 ATP
Glycolysis is the first stage in cellular respiration. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid.
Glucose
2 Pyruvic
acid
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

15. Pathways After Glycolysis
(cytoplasm)
Kreb’s Cycle
(mitochondria)
Electron Transport Chain
Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation
Aerobic
With Oxygen
Anaerobic
WITHOUT Oxygen
2 Types

16. ANAEROBIC=WITHOUT O2 Fermentation When O2 is not available
Alcoholic Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
When O2 is not available

17. Alcoholic Fermentation
Reactants
Products
Pyruvic acid +NADH alcohol + CO2 + NAD+
Used in bread baking, wine and beer making
ANAEROBIC=WITHOUT O2

18. Lactic Acid Fermentation
Reactants
Products
Pyruvic acid +NADH lactic acid+ CO2 + NAD+
Used by muscle cells
Cheeses, yogurt, buttermilk, sour cream
Pickles, sauerkraut, kimchi
ANAEROBIC=WITHOUT O2