1. Tree of Liberty

2. A message from Mr. Garcia…
Students- One of the most important themes of this course is the ideal of liberty. We have examined the English and colonial roots; and we will continue to study the impact of this ideal through the early Republic, the expansion west, the Civil War, and Reconstruction.

3. Message…continued…
At the end of this year, you will prepare a final assessment that shows your understanding of the origins, growth, and challenges to the idea of freedom in this country. These notes will help you to organize your thoughts in preparation for that “final exam.” Happy notetaking. Remember PEAS!!! Have a nice day! Mr. Garcia

4. One more thing…
Your guest teacher will allow plenty of time for you to copy these notes (within reason). Your notes will be collected today before you leave class. So, like I always say…if you want to get paid…do the work. Thanks! Let’s get started…

7. 1215-Magna Carta Rule of law-all must obey the law Gov’t power limited
Contract-both sides have responsibility
Gov’t resp. to protect rights
Trial by jury of peers
Due process

9. 1258-Parliament Separation of powers Representative gov’t
Limits on power of gov’t

11. 1628-Petition of Right No taxes w/o consent of representatives
No imprisonment w/o just cause (habeas corpus)
No martial law
Reestablishes Magna Carta
English subjects had rights gov’t could not violate

13. Glorious Revolution 1688 Created Constitutional Monarchy
Parliament has more power than Monarch
Individual rights guaranteed
Monarch must obey law (Rule of Law)

15. 1689-English Bill of Rights
Free elections
Right to petition gov’t
Parliament must agree to suspend laws, levy taxes, or maintain an army
Monarch cannot take arms from Protestants (Right to bear arms)
Monarch cannot interfere w/ right to free speech or debate in Parl.
No cruel or unusual punishment

16. Colonial period

17. `

18. 1620 Mayflower Compact Self-government Majority rule Social contract
Common good
Just and equal laws

20. 1639 Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Branches of government
Limits on executive power
Representative government
Elections
Common good

22. 1649 Toleration Act of 1649 passed by MD legislative body
Early colonial government attempt to guarantee degree of religious liberty

24. 1776 Declaration of Independence
“all men are created equal”
Freedom
Equality
Independence
Opportunity
Natural Rights
Right to Revolution
Purpose of gov’t
Consent

26. 1781-1789 Articles of Confederation
First U.S. Constitution
"a plan of confederacy for securing the freedom, sovereignty, and independence of the United States."

27. Early republic

29. 1789 U. S. Constitution Federalism Republicanism Individual Rights
Limited Government (Rule of Law)
Popular Sovereignty
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances

31. 1791 Bill of Rights Citizens protected from gov’t interference
Freedoms:
Press
Religion, Speech
Petition, assembly
Bear arms
Due process
Speedy, public trial
No excessive bail
No cruel, unusual punishment