1. Times They Are A Changing...
Lecture 3

2. Standard
Examine the role of Civil Rights advocates and the significance of Martin Luther King’s “Letters from Birmingham Jail” and “I Have A Dream” Speech.
Essential Question Time!!!

3. Freedom Summer, 1964
SNCC sent thousands of volunteers into Mississippi to register black voters
three workers disappeared
murdered
Michael Schwerner, James Chaney, Andrew Goodman
Mississippi Burning

5. Voting Rights Act, 1965 banned literacy tests
sent federal registrars to South
federal oversight meant to make registration more fair

7. 24th Amendment banned poll taxes
used to keep blacks and poor whites from voting

8. Watts Riot, 1965 Violence erupted in LA, Detroit, and New Jersey
the Kerner Commission concluded that extreme poverty was the cause
recommended federal money develop cities to relieve poverty

10. Malcolm X Malcolm Little joined the Nation of Islam
dropped his “slave name”
advocated black separatism and militarism
became more peaceful after a trip to Mecca
killed in NYC by members of the Nation of Islam in 1965

11. “We declare our right on this earth
“We declare our right on this earth...to be a human being, to be respected as a human being, to be given the rights of a human being in this society, on this earth, in this day, which we intend to bring into existence by any means necessary.”
-Malcolm X

12. Black Power
Stokely Carmichael said African Americans should form their own organizations
Rejected “mainstream” American society
Rejected by both the NAACP and the SCLC as racist

13. Black Panthers, 1966
a more militant version of black power emerged in Oakland
est. by Bobby Seales, Huey Newton
supported black separatism and went armed to protect blacks from police brutality
ran medical clinics
provided free food to school children

14. "If I win, I am American, not a black American
"If I win, I am American, not a black American. But if I did something bad, then they would say I am a Negro. We are black and we are proud of being black. Black America will understand what we did tonight."
Tommie Smith, 1968

15. MLK and Memphis, 1968
increasingly critical of black power and separatism
crusaded for the poor
went to Memphis to support sanitation workers
killed by James Earl Ray

16. Robert Kennedy, 1968
RFK was the frontrunner for the democratic nomination
Killed in LA by a Palestinian
Sirhan Sirhan
Nixon became president and the civil rights movement stalled

17. Affirmative Action
Colleges and businesses tried to increase minority representation in their ranks
Income gap still persists today

18. Study Guide
Questions 19-25