1. Water Pollution

2. Water pollution
Any change in the physical or chemical condition of water that can harm organisms, including human beings.
Alter taste and color
Decrease dissolved oxygen
Change pH

3. Pollutant Sources
There are two types of pollutant sources that enter water ways, point and non point sources.

4. 1. Point Source Single, identifiable , localized source of pollution.
Example: oil spill, factory, dump

5. 2. Nonpoint Source
Many different source and locations, usually a result of run-off.
Examples: fertilizers and pesticides from yards, oil from cars

6. Bioaccumulation
Toxic materials threaten organisms as they move up the food chain.

7. Debris: solid wastes
Degraded: broken down by chemical or physical processes
Biodegradable: biologically broken down
Decomposed by microorganisms (I.e. bacteria and fungi): enrich food supply
Nonbiodegradable: persistent pollutants
Example: glass, slowly eroded by water or air.

8. pH pH of Water: pure water 7
Ph of Rainwater: naturally slightly acidic (range : ), due to the falling drops dissolving gasses like carbon dioxide (CO2) forming carbonic acid (H2CO3) which causes it to be acidic.

9. Acid Rain Map of U.S.A

10. Acid Rain
Any form of precipitation (snow, sleet, hail, rain) having a pH lower than normal rainwater. (Range : )
Forms when gaseous air pollutants dissolve into atmospheric water droplets.
Linked to hydrological cycle
May fall from clouds near to the source of pollution or hundreds of miles away.
When it falls on land the acid percolates into the soil or flows as run-off into lakes and streams.

11. Effects of Acid Rain

12. Air Pollutants that cause Acid Rain
Sulfur dioxide (SO2): produced by volcanoes, industry that burns coal and natural gas, and bacteria
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2): produced by motor vehicles, volcanoes, industry that burns coal and natural gas, and bacteria.

13. Volcanic Eruptions release sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide

14. Acid Rain

15. Neutralizing Acid Rain
Soil: neutralized by reactions with Ca and Mg compounds in the soil
Deep soils rich in metallic compounds have a greater capacity to neutralize than shallow soils.
Limestone neutralizes acid rain as well.
If not neutralized the acid percolates into the ground or flows into lakes and streams.

16. Acid Rain and the Oceans
Little or no effect on seawater
Dilution: ocean has lots of water
Seawater is naturally basic (ph: )
Carbonate buffering system:
Ability to neutralize both acids and bases

17. Land Use

18. What is a watershed?
An area of land that drains into a particular creek, river, lake, or aquifer.

19. What watershed do you live in?
Slaughter Creek
Edwards Aquifer

20. Pervious or Impervious Permeable or Impermeable
Impervious: land or surface that does not allow water to filter through
Pervious: Land or surface that allows water to filter through the ground.

27. Practice Non- Point Source Pollution or Point Source Pollution