1. “Violent Relaxation” of Star Cluster
“cold” start
minimum size
maximum size
end

2. Density Profile: Before and After Violent Relaxation
Uniform density sphere (dashed line) at start
R1/4 law at end (squares + solid line)

3. Distribution of Stellar Energies: Before, During, and after Violent Relaxation
start
end

4. Isophotes of Elliptical Galaxies
Isophote “twist”
Inner isophotes are round and oriented horizontally
Outer isophote is very elliptical and oriented nearly vertical
aligned elliptical isophotes
“boxy”, rectangular isophotes
“disky”, diamond-shaped isophotes

5. Cartoon of Isophote Twisting
True shape and orientation of isophotes
Appearance of the isophotes as viewed from the left and below

6. Stellar Orbits in Triaxial Ellipticals (non-rotating)
Only stars on box orbits can pass through the center
In all cases (box and tube), stellar orbits fill the 3-d figure
Circular orbits only possible in tube orbits

7. NGC 4649/M60
optical
X-ray