1. Kaplan turbine

3. Jebba, Nigeria D0 = 8,5 m De = 7,1 m Di = 3,1 m B0 = 2,8 m
*Q = 376 m3/s
*H = 27,6 m
*P = 96 MW

4. Machicura, CHILE *Q = 144 m3/s *H = 36,7 m *P = 48 MW D0 = 7,2 m
De = 4,2 m
Di = 1,9 m
B0 = 1,3 m

5. Outlet
draft tube
runner
Inlet
guide vane

6. Hydraulic efficiency Hydraulic efficiency hh Flow rate Q
Runner blade angle
f = constant

8. Hill chart

9. c1 v1 u1 c2 v2 u2

10. Pressure distribution and torquec
Lift
Drag L D
Torque
Arm

11. FLift
FDrag a v
LChord 4

12. Blade profile data Angle of attack d v Angle of attack
Average relative
velocity

13. Pressure distribution and torque
0,24 · l
Cord length, l
Suction side
Pressure side
Single profile
Cascade
The pressure at the outlet is lower for a cascade than for a single profile. The cavitation performance will therefore be reduced in a cascade.

14. Radial distribution of the blade profile
CL =Lift coefficient for a cascade
CL1 =Lift coefficient for a single profile
The ratio t/l influences the lift coefficient in a cascade. The cord length for a blade will therefore increase when the radius becomes increase

15. Radial distribution of the blade profile

16. Flow in the axial plane
The figure shows blades with two different design of the blade in radial direction. This is because it will influence the secondary flow in the radial direction

17. Main dimension of a Kaplan turbine

18. Diameter of the runner W W

19. Height of the guide vanes and runner diameter

20. Gap between hub and ring and the runner blades
Gap between the blade and ring
Gap between the blade and hub
Efficiency
Gap

21. Runaway speed Runaway speed Cavitation coefficient
The figure shows different runaway speed at different runner blade openings. The runaway speed is dependent of the cavitation as shown in the figure

22. Hill chart

23. Example Find the dimensions D, d and Bo Given data: P = 16,8 MW
H = 16 m
Qn = 120 m3/s
n = 125 rpm

24. Speed number:

25. Diameter, D:

26. Diameter, d:

27. Height, B:

28. Number of vanes, z:
Number of blades z