1. Connor Edmonds, Mike Kappaz, and Mike Feula
COAL #4
Connor Edmonds, Mike Kappaz, and Mike Feula

2. Coal and Steel
Carbon from coal used to treat iron oxides in steel making
Coke coal is used with fluxes in an oven
Fluxes contain limestone and minerals to collect impurities
Air is heated to 1200° C, burning the coke
Iron Ore is fed into the furnace, mixes with Carbon Monoxide
Molten Lava and slag (impurities) then drain out of bottom
Iron is key to steel production

3. Making Coking Coal Becomes coke by becoming almost pure carbon
Coal is softened, liquefied, and solidified into porous lumps
Coal is heated around °C without Oxygen
This drives off volatile compounds, keeps coal from burning
This yields the hot porous coke used
The coke is cooled with water or air and stored
The process takes between hours in a coking oven

4. Coke Facts Uses Metallurgical Bituminous coal
Major producers are Australia, Canada, United States
1.5 tons of coal to produce 1 ton coked coal
Prices have dropped to about $94.8 per short ton
About 1.2 Billion tons of coking coal used per year

6. Coal Mining Machinery Primary Machinery
Longwall Shearer
5-10 ft tall
800 ft long (on tracks)
Remove coal in panels
Continuous Miner
5 tons of coal a minute
45% of coal production
Most remote controlled

7. Coal Mining Machinery Support Machinery
Roof Bolters
Used for Room and Pillar method
Hydraulic Machines that drill bolts into the mine ceiling for greater support
Longwall Supports
Self-advancing hydraulic supports

8. Coal Mining Machinery Transport Machinery
Conveyers
Shuttle Cars
Personnel Vehicles
Scoops
Rails

9. http://www.history.com/shows/modern-marvels/videos/modern- marvels-coal-mines