1. Social Research Methods MAN-10 Erlan Bakiev, Ph. D.
Chapter 5: How to Review the Literature and Conduct Ethical Studies
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2. Literature Review

3. Goals of a Literature Review
Demonstrate a familiarity
Show the path of prior research
Integrate and summarize
Learn from others

4. Six Types of Literature Reviews
Context review
Historical review
Integrative review
Methodological review
Self-study review
Theoretical review

5. Literature Meta-Analysis
Locate all potential studies on a specific topic
Develop consistent criteria and screen studies for relevance and/or quality
Identify and record relevant information for each study
Synthesize and analyze the information into broad findings
Draw summary conclusions based on the findings

6. Where to Find Research Literature
Periodicals
Scholarly journals
Books
Dissertations
Government documents
Policy reports
Presented paper

7. Citation Format

8. Conduct a Systematic Literature Review
Define and refine topic
Design search
Locate research reports
Articles
Scholarly books
Dissertation
Government documents
Policy reports and presentation papers

9. How to Evaluate Research Articles
Examine the title
Read the abstract
Read the article
How to take notes
What to record
Organize notes

10. Using the Internet for Social Research
Advantages
Easy, fast, and cheap
Links connect sources
“Democratizing” effect
Casts a wide net
Disadvantages
No quality control
Not complete source
Often time consuming
Difficult to document

11. Ethics in Social Research

12. Why be Ethical? Scientific misconduct Research fraud
Unethical but legal

13. Ethics and Research Participants Harm
Origins of protection
Physical harm
Psychological abuse, stress, loss of self-esteem
Legal harm
Other harm to participants

14. Three Ethical Controversies
Milgram’s obedience study
Humphreys’s tearoom trade study
Zimbardo’s prison experiment

15. Ethics and Research Participants Deception/Consent
Principle of voluntary consent
Informed consent
Covert observation

16. Ethics and Research Participants Special Populations
Coercion
New inequalities
Crossover designs

17. Ethics and Research Participants Privacy
Anonymity
Confidentiality
Information as property
Institutional review board

18. Ethics and Research Participants
Private property
Mandated protection
Code of ethics
Nuremberg code

19. Principles of Ethical Social Research
Responsible individual
No personal gain
Some form of consent
Honor confidentiality/anonymity
No coercion/humiliation
Avoid deception – if able
Detect and remove negative consequences
Anticipate repercussions
Transparency in sponsorship
Cooperation with host nation
Transparency of results
Consistency between data and results
High methodological standards

20. Ethics and the Sponsors of Research
Whistle-blowing
Arriving at particular findings
Limits on how to conduct studies
Contract research
Suppressing findings
Concealing true sponsor