1. Chapter 8
Light, Color, Lighting

2. Light, Color, Lighting Key Terms Light Shadows Color
Lighting Instruments
Lighting Techniques

3. Light, Color, Lighting
Key Terms
Page 116
25 Terms
Read, Study

4. Light, Color, Lighting
Types of Light
Directional
Diffused

5. Light, Color, Lighting Directional Light Direct Precise Hard Shadows
Used to light specific areas
Examples – Sun, Flashlight, Car Headlights, Studio spotlights

6. Light, Color, Lighting Diffused Light General Not Precise Spreads
Seems to come from all directions
Used to light large areas
Examples – Fluorescent lights, Classroom, Studio Fill lights (large round lights)

7. Light, Color, Lighting Light Intensity
Amount of light that falls on a given area.
Measurement – Lux (European Term); Footcandles (American Term)
Baselight – refers to overall light intensity.
Low Baselight – open iris to allow more light into camera.
High Baselight – close down iris to allow less light into camera.

8. Light, Color, Lighting Baselight Example
Holiday Choir Concert – iris on Auto and picture washed out. Iris set at 2.8 +/-
Holiday Band/Strings Concert – iris on Manual and iris adjusted to 5.8 to 7 for quality picture.

9. Light, Color, Lighting Shadows Attached Falloff
Usually unaware of shadows
Two Types
Attached
Falloff

10. Changing the Field of View
Move the camera closer to event.
Change the focal length by zooming In or Out.

11. Light, Color, Lighting Attached Shadows Tied to object
Help us define the basic form or an object
Contribute to texture

12. Light, Color, Lighting

13. Light, Color, Lighting
Rough Texture Smooth Texture

14. Light, Color, Lighting
Attached Shadows
Reveal
Form
Texture

15. Light, Color, Lighting Cast Shadows Seen Independent of the object.
Hand shadows on wall
Hand not seen – shadow seen

16. Light, Color, Lighting Cast Shadows
Help tell us where things are and when events take place.
Examples – Shadows of utility poles, traffic signs, building walls. Pg. 123
Note: Even if Cast Shadows touch the base of the object they remain Cast Shadows NOT Attached Shadows

17. Light, Color, Lighting Falloff
Indicates the degree of change from light to shadow.
The ‘speed’ with which light area turns into shadow area – the brightness contrast between the light and shadow sides of an object.

18. Light, Color, Lighting Fast Falloff Slow Falloff
Change from light to dense shadow is extremely abrupt.
High Contrast between areas.
Slow Falloff
Gradual change from light to shadow.
Subtle Contrast between areas.

19. Light, Color, Lighting Falloff
Defines the contrast between light and dark areas and how quickly light turns into shadow.

20. Light, Color, Lighting Color Basic Process of Color Mixing
TV Receiver and generated colors
Color Temperature and Mixing

21. Light, Color, Lighting Primary Light Colors
Video Camera Beam Splitter takes White light and creates:
Red
Green
Blue

22. Light, Color, Lighting

23. Light, Color, Lighting

24. Light, Color, Lighting TV Receiver Works on color mixing principle
3 Electron guns in neck of tube
One gun fire beams of light at Red, another at Green, etc.
More intense the beam the more the dots of color light up.
Mixing color.

25. Light, Color, Lighting

26. Light, Color, Lighting White Balance
Not all light sources produce light of the same Whiteness.
Examples – candle (reddish); fluorescent (bluish); flashlight ( weak batteries bluish, strong batteries whiter)

27. Light, Color, Lighting Color Temperature Kelvin Degrees
Standard by which we measure the relative reddishness or bluishness of white light.
Kelvin Degrees
Measures the color differences of white light.

28. Light, Color, Lighting Kelvin Degrees
More Bluish the white light – the higher the color temperature
More Reddish the white light – the lower its color temperature.

29. Light, Color, Lighting

30. Light, Color, Lighting

31. Light, Color, Lighting Kelvin Degrees
Outdoor Light – much more Bluish than indoor light.
Standard Outdoor Illumination Measurement 5600 degrees K
Standard Indoor Illumination Measurement 3200 degrees K

32. Light, Color, Lighting Gels
Color Filter used in Studio and Field lighting
Affects light source
Blue Gel – raises temperature of studio light
Red Gel – lowers temperature of studio light.

33. Light, Color, Lighting White Balancing
Adjusting the camera so it reproduces a white object as white on the screen Regardless of whether it is illuminated by a high color temperature source or a low color temperature source.
Required for color continuity.

34. Light, Color, Lighting Lighting Instruments Two types: Spotlights
Floodlights

35. Light, Color, Lighting Spotlights Throw Directional Light Floodlights
Lights specific areas
Sharp beam of light
Floodlights
Lights general area
Diffused light
Non-directional

36. Light, Color, Lighting Fresnel Spotlight
Workhorse of studio spotlights
Allows light beam to be adjusted
Barn Doors

37. Light, Color, Lighting

38. Light, Color, Lighting

39. Light, Color, Lighting

40. Light, Color, Lighting
Point to Remember

41. Light, Color, Lighting Floodlights Types Non-directional light
Shadows are soft and transparent
Types
Broad
Softlight
Scoop

42. Light, Color, Lighting Broad Spotlight Open-faced
Large tube-like lamps

43. Light, Color, Lighting Softlight
Large opening covered with diffusing material that scatters light.
Renders shadows invisible
Slow falloff lighting

44. Light, Color, Lighting Scoop Small & flexible floodlight
3200 degrees K
Soft light
More directional
Used for fill to slow
down falloff
Scrim – diffuses light

45. Light, Color, Lighting

46. Light, Color, Lighting
EFP (Electronic Field Production) Light

47. Light, Color, Lighting Floodlights
Produce general, non-directional illumination.
They cause slow falloff.

48. Light, Color, Lighting
Studio C-Clamp

49. Light, Color, Lighting
Safety
Do not touch Studio lights

50. Basic Lighting
Key Light
Fill Light
Back Light
Triangle Lighting

51. Light, Color, Lighting Key Light Principal light source
Reveals basic shape of object
Spotlight

52. Light, Color, Lighting Back Light Outlines object against background
Focused spotlight
Opposite camera

53. Light, Color, Lighting
Fill Light
Slows falloff

54. Light, Color, Lighting Background Light Spots Floodlights Illuminates

59. Light, Color, Lighting Field Lighting Scout Ahead Be prepared
Do not overload circuits
Do not waste bulb life
Secure light stands
Move equipment carefully

60. Light, Color, Lighting Outdoor Lighting The best light
Overcast Day (Natural Lighting)

61. Light, Color, Lighting Measuring Light Incident Light Baselight level
Stand next to talent. Aim a light meter to camera
Aim meter at lights
Check light meter needle reading
Maintain same needle reading

62. Light, Color, Lighting Reflected Light
Stand next to talent and point light meter towards the light and the shadows from the direction of the camera.
Difference in readings provides lighting contrast.
Use video monitor as best guide

63. Points to Remember Type of light and intensity Shadows Colors
Lighting Instruments
Basic Lighting Principal
Measuring Light

64. Light, Color, Lighting

65. Light, Color, Lighting
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