1. STRUCRURAL LAND SCAPE GEOGRAPY

2. STRUCTURAL LANDSCAPES

3. MESA

4. Features associated with horizontal strata
The underlying sill is exposed to surface erosion
Mesa – the horizontal is longer than the vertical
E.g. Karoo landscape

5. BUTTE

6. POINTED BUTTE

7. CLOSE -UP

8. Butte and pointed butte
The mesa continues to erode backwards – (scarp retreat) and forms a butte then a pointed butte
The vertical is longer than the horizontal
The cap rock is still present
E.g. Karoo landscape

9. CONICAL HILL
CAP IS REMOVED
Also named inselberg

10. INCLINED FEATURES
Underlying rock :laccolith; lopolith; syncline; anticline
Exposed to weathering and erosion - the features are seen
There is a very prominent scarp and dip slope
Trellis river pattern prominent – because of alternating hard and soft rock

13. MASSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK If the BATHOLITH OR. . .
On a smaller scale lopolith and lacolith are exposed to erosion a dome is formed
Usually granite rock
Radial river pattern prominent

14. TORS
If the underlying massive igneous rock has many joints and fissures it is vulnerable to weathering and erosion
The core stones are left that balance on top of each other

15. Time. . .