1. Panel discussion for NADRE
Data and Literature Search Experiences & Issues in Developing Repositories
Panel discussion for NADRE
Friendship Hotel
Addis Ababa (Feb , 2018)
Temesgen Melaku (PhD)

2. Personal BG Education Work experiences
PhD in Education Management (2017) UNISA
MSc in Technology application in education and training (2006) UTewnte, Netherlands
MA in EDPM (1998) AAU
BA in Pedagogical Sciences minoring Mathematics (1992)
Work experiences
University lecturer and researcher, since 2001 (+ head ADRC, project management)
REB 2000 ( 1 year)
Secondary schools (5 years)

3. Experiences in literature and data search
For what purpose do I search for literature and data?
Research
Teaching courses
Developing and managing projects
Supervising students’ course and theses works
Problem identification and avoiding duplication of research works
Checking plagiarism

4. Exp. What kind of literature and data do I search?
Articles from different academic repositories,
Reports on education from UNESCO, World Bank, MoE databases
Policy and program documents from MoE, Google databases
Statistical abstracts from MoE database
Books (for courses and research) from different databases- free, commercial and institutional repositories
Theses and dissertations from institutional repositories (AAU, BDU, UNISA, Google)

5. Exp.
Data on (usually hard to access in a raw data form and they are not available online)
Students’ performance in national exams,
Learning assessment results
Indicators of access, efficiency, quality in the general education
School mapping (equitable distribution of schools)
Teaching staff and leaders’ profile at each level of education
Students’ background variables at universities (SMIS)
Schools categorized by quality standards

6. Exp. What do I use to search for literature and data?
I use different search engines and databases.
Search engines or browsers:
Google chrome, Mozilla, Baidu, Opera,

8. Exp.
Full-text journal search/discovery engines. They direct to the links of appropriate academic repositories, e.g., journal databases
EBSCOhost: e8ec0c2d9364%40sessionmgr104&vid=1&sdb=edspub&tid=3000EP&bquery=springers&bdat a=JnR5cGU9NDQmc2l0ZT1wZmktbGl2ZQ%3d%3d
Unisa publication search ( 412a-99a4-e53432bb522c%40sessionmgr4007&vid=0&sdb=edspub&tid=3000EP)
Freefullpdf: gsc.sort=
Pluto Network: gIw_vD_BwE

12. Exp.
Databases:
Social media databases (yahoo, Google, Scholar Google, youtube)
Academic repositories
EBSCO,
Taylor and Francis group,
Springer,
Jstor.org
Emerald  
Elsevier
Academicjournals.org (
Wiley online library (
Unisa institutional repository (
Unesco.org
World bank.org
Commercial databases (ebay, amazon) to search for books
Free books databases (Bookfi.org, library Genesis, Book4u.org, etc.)

13. Exp. How do I search literature from databases or repositories?
Title of the article, the book, the document
key words
Authors
Journal name
How do I share resources with my students?
Creating course accounts
Recently archiving the university digital library.

14. Exp. Local repositories & websites
AAU – theses, dissertations, articles, books
BDU - theses, dissertations, articles, books
MoE- documents like statistical abstracts, policy, programs
Statistics agency- population, development indicators,
Repositories of different sectors (for proclamations, laws, directives and regulations)

15. Issues in the development of Repositories
Digital library, database, repository?
Should repositories be institution based, subject/discipline based or format based?
Should it be located in the respective institution or be hosted at a center?
Ownership: Copyright and associated benefits
Security

16. Issues
What kind of digital contents should be included in the repository?
Validated/peer reviewed/referred or unvalidated/unreffered or both?
Theses, dissertations?
Proceedings?
Books and book chapters?
Images?
Audios?
Videos?
Raw data?
Learning objects?
Digital contents usually are text, data, and rich media (such as video)

17. Issues Should contents be available
fully ?
Partially?
Permanently?
Freely ?
viewed and reused with minimal restrictions?
Should the accessibility of the academic works be gold (author pays for publication), green (self-archiving by the researcher) or both?
Should it be international or delimited to national academic outputs?
Compatibility of the system
Finance for subscription

18. Issues Can the national repository be linked with
governmental repositories managed by national governments and government- sponsored agencies, and aggregating repositories that present content harvested from other sources?
Are academics, as content creators of the repositories, willing to contribute to or deposit in the repositories?
Reputability issue
Who is in charge of managing the national repository? What will be the role of individual institutions in the process?
Technical: programing, security, infrastructure,
Data management: updating, upgrading,
Quality of academic outputs, quality of services,
Finance

19. Issues
Can academic outputs be accessed or published from personal or departmental websites in addition to the national repository?
How could the following factors affecting both the initial development of repositories and their take-up be addressed? Factors include:
IT infrastructure,
Professionals
cultural factors,
policy initiatives,
awareness-raising activity, and
usage mandates (mandates of the national R. and individual institutions).

20. References:
Nicholas, D., Rowlands, I., Watkinson, A., Brown, D., & Jamali, H.R. (2012). Digital repositories ten years on: what do scientific researchers think of them and how do they use them? Learned publishing, 2(3), 195–206
Pinfield, S., Salter, J., Bath, P.A., et al. (2014). Open-Access Repositories Worldwide, 2005–2012: Past Growth, Current Characteristics, and Future Possibilities, Journal of the association for information science and technology, 65(12):2404–2421,

21. Thank you !