1. Chapter 5 Prosperity and Depression
Grade 9 Social Studies
Chapter 5
Prosperity and Depression

2. The War is Over (1918) Things did not quickly return to normal why?
Economy changes from wartime to peacetime economy
Europe ’s demand for Canadian goods during the war decreased causing a slump in the economy
Hardest hit were the Maritimes and the Prairies (Fish & Wheat demand declined)
Price of regular goods was going up, but wages were not, causing slow sales
Unemployment went up and many soldiers returning home were out of work.

3. A Buoyant Economy for Some (1923)
By 1923, Central Canada , BC, and The Prairies, had begun to recover from the economic slump, and entered a period of growth why?

4. Reasons Agriculture production increased as the demand went up
Mining activity increased in these areas
Trade with USA increased mostly because of the demand for pulp and paper

5. Changing Technologies increased production: Technology Changes:
Branch Plant Factories(a business owned and controlled by a company in another country) built to avoid tariffs
Changing Technologies increased production:
Technology Changes:
1) Electricity
2) Assembly Line
3) Electric Appliances

6. Stalled Economy for Others
The Economic boom of the 1920’s did not get to The Maritimes or Newfoundland, why?

7. ** This brought about talks for Maritime Union**
Reasons
A decline in shipbuilding after the war
Increased cost of railway freight rates
Lack of electricity in the area,
As a result:
Secondary Industries (Pulp & Paper) slow to develop.
Primary Industries (Farm & Fisheries) exploited (Overused)
** This brought about talks for Maritime Union**

8. Lifestyle and Technology
The Roaring 20’s - The 1920’s were called this because of the good times and social freedoms. New Technologies brought on mass production

9. The Haves
In places that prospered, wages increased. People then had more money to spend on new products.
Installment Plans
buy now pay later plans were introduced
as people thought the good times would last for ever, people did not worry about the debt they were gaining.

10. New Luxury Items for Purchase:
Cars - ownership became possible
Telephones – ¼ families in 1920, by 1929 ¾ of families
Electrical Appliances

11. The Have Nots
The have nots
those who did not prosper

12. Who made up the have nots?
Rural Canadians
many worked but had trouble making ends meet (Working Poor)
Immigrants
(Working Poor)
Women
were employed and lost jobs due to the return of the soldiers

13. First Nations
Government still hoping for assimilation – where first nations would become part of mainstream culture, and give up their own values, beliefs, and cultures.
Assimilation was enforced by government by forcing first nation students into schools where their personal cultures were forbidden.

14. Leisure/Sport/Changing Attitudes
Leisure activities
included radio and motion pictures (Silent movies)
Sports
included baseball, football, boxing, and hockey
Changing Attitudes
Clubs introduced, dancing, alcohol, and many new types of fashion. All of these things were considered controversial to many.

15. The Great Depression Black Tuesday Terms to know: Oct.29, 1929
this signified the end of the Roaring 20’s and the beginning of The Great Depression, as The New York Stock Exchange crashed.
Terms to know:
Stock
Share
Dividend
Victory bonds
Interest

16. Causes Over spending in the 20’s Credit was too easy Over production
Close connection to the US Economy
Decrease in International Trade
Bank Failures
Unemployment Grew

17. Depression lasted most of the 1930’s, and only recovered with the start of World War II.

18. Social Conditions Unemployment ruined lives
Disadvantaged groups conditions worsened
Luxury items almost all but disappeared
People were homeless and hungry
No Government programs to help those in need

19. People in need resorted to:
Begging
Working in relief camps to help build roads etc.
Some became hobos and rode the rails

20. Escape From Hard Times
Children found ways to entertain themselves (imagination)
These were times of creativity and resourcefulness

21. Political Changes Canadians lost faith in Political parties
New parties were formed as result
New parties brought new ideas

22. New Political Parties 1) Communist Party
all people share in the prosperity equally
2) Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF)
a coalition of farmers, labor union leaders, and professors, they believed in private ownership and government services

23. 4) National Party of Quebec
3) Social Credit Party
felt the Government should hand over money to people to get the economy moving again.
4) National Party of Quebec
a group of former Liberals and Conservatives who had ideas for change to the end the Depression

24. Note:
None of these parties ways ended the depression, times just gradually started to improve due to WWII