1. Chapter 5 Developing a Negative

2. Step 1 Remove the film from your camera Remove the film from your camera Look for a button on the bottom of your camera Look for a button on the bottom of your camera Hold button while winding until no tension in the winder Hold button while winding until no tension in the winder Pull the winder and back should pop up Pull the winder and back should pop up Remove film Remove film Either replace the film or close the back of the camera Either replace the film or close the back of the camera

3. Loading the film You will need You will need Light proof bag Light proof bag Under shelf along wall with refrigerator Under shelf along wall with refrigerator Silver on the outside Silver on the outside Double zipper Double zipper Bottle opener Bottle opener Scissors Scissors Tank and reel Tank and reel Film cartridge Film cartridge

4. Whats next In a bag In a bag Use bottle cap opener to open end of film cartridge Use bottle cap opener to open end of film cartridge Remove film from cartridge Remove film from cartridge Cut film leader and attach to inside of steel reel Cut film leader and attach to inside of steel reel Roll onto reel Roll onto reel Place reel into steel container Place reel into steel container Put on the plastic cap Put on the plastic cap Remove from bag Remove from bag

5. Chemicals to process film Developer Developer ½ developer and ½ water ½ developer and ½ water Stop bath Stop bath Water Water Fixer Fixer Fill with fixer only, dont dilute Fill with fixer only, dont dilute 10 minute wash 10 minute wash Wetting agent Wetting agent Best to use distilled water Best to use distilled water

6. Dry film Dry film 20 minutes in dryer or 1 hour in box 20 minutes in dryer or 1 hour in box Cut film Cut film 5 prints wide 5 prints wide Put into archive sleeve Put into archive sleeve

7. Developer D-76 Arista 100 Iso 35mm film Water Temp 65 degrees 68 degrees 70 degrees 72 degrees 75 degrees Normal9 1/2 min.8 1/2 min.7 1/2 min.7 min.6 min.

8. What happens? Developer Developer Free metallic silver from the emulsions exposed crystals to form an image Free metallic silver from the emulsions exposed crystals to form an image Metallic silver forms the dark part of the image Metallic silver forms the dark part of the image Called silver halides Called silver halides

9. After stop bath Fixer Fixer Silver halides will continue to turn dark if exposed to light Silver halides will continue to turn dark if exposed to light Fixer stops this process by dissolving the crystals Fixer stops this process by dissolving the crystals 5 minutes to fix 5 minutes to fix Too much longer and image will bleach Too much longer and image will bleach Too short or weak fixer the image will get darker when exposed to light Too short or weak fixer the image will get darker when exposed to light

10. Develop too long The image The image Becomes contrasty and darker Becomes contrasty and darker Later you can use this to create a different print Later you can use this to create a different print Temperature affects outcome Temperature affects outcome See chart See chart Too cold the developer works poorly Too cold the developer works poorly Too hot the gelatin can separate from the film Too hot the gelatin can separate from the film

11. Agitation Gently agitation moves fresh chemicals over the film/emulsion Gently agitation moves fresh chemicals over the film/emulsion Too little may cause chemicals to stop working Too little may cause chemicals to stop working Too little or too strong can cause uneven development Too little or too strong can cause uneven development Agitate 5 out of every 30 seconds Agitate 5 out of every 30 seconds In more than 1 direction In more than 1 direction Put in down in between Put in down in between

12. After fixing Film must be thoroughly washed Film must be thoroughly washed Remaining silver will darken/stain the film Remaining silver will darken/stain the film

13. Best Outcome When properly exposed and correctly developed, film When properly exposed and correctly developed, film Makes printing/scanning much easier Makes printing/scanning much easier Begin by following the manufacturers recommendations Begin by following the manufacturers recommendations Later you can may adjust exposure and developing Later you can may adjust exposure and developing

14. Expose for the Highlights Develop for the Shadows. Pg. 106 2 nd Para. Develop for the Shadows. Pg. 106 2 nd Para. In every case expose for the subject! In every case expose for the subject! Developing times have little effect on shadows Developing times have little effect on shadows Developing times have a great effect on the highlights Developing times have a great effect on the highlights For us…take shadows into account when setting your exposure if you want detail in the shadows For us…take shadows into account when setting your exposure if you want detail in the shadows Follow the directions (for now)when developing Follow the directions (for now)when developing

15. Quiz review 1 st thing you need when you are going to develop you film is the time and temperature chart. 1 st thing you need when you are going to develop you film is the time and temperature chart. You can first see an image when in the developer, even though you wont see it until the whole process is done. You can first see an image when in the developer, even though you wont see it until the whole process is done. You can look at your film AFTER the fixer step You can look at your film AFTER the fixer step

16. More Quiz Review Density is a negative or print is Density is a negative or print is The amount of silver built up on the surface The amount of silver built up on the surface The overall lightness and darkness of either the print or negative The overall lightness and darkness of either the print or negative Is controlled by the exposure Is controlled by the exposure

17. Review Write the full stop shutter speeds from 1 second to 1/1000 sec. Write the full stop shutter speeds from 1 second to 1/1000 sec. 1 2 4 8 15 30 60 125 250 500 1000 1 2 4 8 15 30 60 125 250 500 1000 Which end is more light? Less light? Which end is more light? Less light?

18. Next Step Today Watch video on film development Watch video on film development Develop your own film-if you are ready. Develop your own film-if you are ready.