1. Opening a New Lipid “Apo-thecary”: Incorporating Apolipoproteins as Potential Risk Factors and Treatment Targets to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk 
Terry A. Jacobson, MD 
Mayo Clinic Proceedings 
Volume 86, Issue 8, Pages (August 2011)
DOI: /mcp
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2. FIGURE
The incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) events as a function of apolipoprotein (Apo) B levels in randomized controlled trials involving regimens, including statins (red, purple), niacin (nicotinic acid; blue), fibrates (fibric-acid derivatives; green), or ezetimibe (orange). Separate regression lines are shown for trials of statins in primary and secondary prevention and niacin. Other lines represent individual trials for fibrates and ezetimibe. Individual studies for each treatment are detailed in the legend (filled symbol = treated group; empty symbol = control or placebo group). The event rate is predicted to approach 0 at an Apo B level of 54.6 mg/dL (statin, primary prevention population). Studies differ in methodology, CHD end point definitions, and comparator groups (eg, active treatment vs placebo, high dose vs low dose, combination therapy vs placebo). AFCAPS/TexCAPS = Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study; CARDS = Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study; CLAS II = Cholesterol Lowering Atherosclerosis Study; FATS = Familial Atherosclerosis Treatment Study; FIELD = Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes; HATS = HDL Atherosclerosis Treatment Study; HPS = Heart Protection Study; IDEAL = Incremental Decrease in End Points Through Aggressive Lipid Lowering; JUPITER = Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin; LIPID = Long-Term Intervention With Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease; PROVE-IT = Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection, high-dose atorvastatin group; 4S = Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study, simvastatin group; SEARCH = Study of the Effectiveness of Additional Reductions in Cholesterol and Homocysteine; SEAS = Simvastatin and Ezetimibe Aortic Stenosis, simvastatin-ezetimibe group; SHARP= Study of Heart and Renal Protection; SPARCL = Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels; TNT = Treating to New Targets; VA-HIT = Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Intervention Trial.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings  , DOI: ( /mcp )
Copyright © 2011 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Terms and Conditions