1. What Every Machinist Needs to Know about
Metals Processing 110
What Every Machinist Needs to Know about
Metals Hand Tools

2. Machinist Vise
Solid Base Vise
Swivel Base Vise

3. Vise Jaw Caps (Soft Jaws)
Used to prevent marking the work

4. Peen Hammers Ball Peen Hammer (Machinist’s Hammer) Straight and Cross
Cross Peen Hammer

5. Soft Face Hammers
With Interchangeable Faces

6. Metal Stamps
For placing Names,
Serial Numbers, etc.

7. Hacksaws
Solid frame
hacksaw
Adjustable frame
hacksaw

8. Hacksaw Blades Hacksaw teeth Should point toward
The front end of the saw

9. Tooth Pitch (Teeth per Inch)
Blades are made from
High carbon Steel
High Speed Steel (molybdenum alloy
or Tungsten alloy)
18 Teeth per Inch

10. Saw Tooth Pitch SET: bending the teeth of a saw left and right to
make the KERF wider than
the saw blade
Blade
Set
Kerf

11. Saw Teeth Too Big???

12. Too Small???

13. Installing a Blade Get correct blade (length, pitch, material, type)
Adjust Frame
Place ends of blade on pins
with teeth pointing to front
and teeth down
4. Tighten wing nut finger tight
Pins
Wing nut for
tightening/loosening
blade

14. Sawing Sheet (Thin) Metal
Sandwich the metal
between strips of
wood.
This will keep the
thin metal from
vibrating and allows
2 or more teeth to
contact the work

15. Chisels Cape Chisel Flat Cold Chisel Cut Sheet Cut Keyways Metal
Cut V-Grooves
Cut Oil Grooves
Diamond Point Chisel
Round Nose Chisel

16. Parts of a File 6 5 4 3 2 1
Tang
Heel
Edge
Face
Point
Length

17. File Grades of Coarseness
Dead Smooth
Smooth
Second Cut
Bastard
Coarse
Rough
Files come in different sizes and
degrees of coarseness
There are 4 common grades
plus 2 which are not often used
Files are also sold in 7 different lengths in inches 4 8 12 16 10 14 6

18. Draw Filing Draw filing allows you to remove small amounts
of metal, keep a surface
flat and produces a nice,
smooth surface finish
Use a mill file
Hold the file crossways
Keep fingers close to the
Surface being filed
Press down
Move the file back and forth
Do not roll over the edges

19. Hand Taps Used to cut screw threads inside a hole Flutes
are grooves in the tap
Flutes provide cutting edges, provide chip
clearance and allow cutting fluid in
Used to cut screw threads inside a hole

20. So, What Does ½-UNC-13 Mean?
The fraction “1/2”
is the diameter in
inches of the threaded
part of the bolt or screw
½ inch
UNC means it is a Unified National Coarse series
Thread Inch threads are either Coarse or Fine (UNF)
13 threads
The number after
the series (UNC)
is the Number of
threads per inch
The pitch or size
of one thread here
Is 1/13 of an inch

21. So, What Does M Mean?
The letter “M” just means it’s a Metric thread
The number “30”
is the diameter of
the threaded part
Of the bolt or screw
30 mm
Pitch (the size of one thread)
or how far the thread travels
when the screw makes one turn
3.5 mm
The number after
The dash (3.5) is the
Pitch of the thread

22. A Set of Taps
A set of taps includes a taper tap, plug tap and bottoming tap
Plug Tap
Used to start
a thread and go
almost to the bottom
of a blind hole
Taper Tap
Used to start
a thread in a
hole
Bottoming Tap
Used to thread to
the bottom
of a blind hole

23. That’s All, Folks