1. WORLD WAR I

2. Causes of World War I Militarism Alliances Nationalism Imperialism
Assassination

3. Militarism A nation’s policy to maintain strong armed forced
Britain and Germany competed for the strongest navy
Militarism included complex plans in case war broke out

4. Alliances
An agreement between countries to come to each other’s aid in case of war.
Two major alliances:
Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy (does not enter war on this side, replaced with Ottoman Empire)
Triple Entente: France, Russia, and Great Britain
If one nation was pulled in war, all would enter

5. Nationalism Extreme loyalty to a nation and concern for its welfare
Multi-ethic empires (Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire) had many groups seeking independence
Balkans are ready to explode (“powder keg of Europe, Balkan Peninsula)—Serbia and Bosnia in Balkans

6. Imperialism A nation’s attempt to gain control of a weaker nation
Nations wanted control to gain raw materials, Europe had divided Africa in 1884

7. Immediate Cause: Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary (heir to the throne)
Shot by a Serbian nationalist in Bosnia, part of Austria-Hungary (A.H.)

8. Assassination is considered the “spark” of the war Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia and Germany gave Austria-Hungary a “blank check” saying they would back them no matter what Austria-Hungary then gave Serbia an “ultimatum” saying they must agree to all their demands or they would declare Austria-Hungary declared war anyway Russia then mobilized in case of war—Germany then declares war on Russia and France

9. Germany then invaded Belgium in order to get to France
Germany then invaded Belgium in order to get to France. Britain then declares war on Germany as Belgium was neutral.

10. Allied and Central Powers
Main Players
Allied Powers
Central Powers
You MUST know the
Allied and Central Powers

11. Allied Powers
France
Great Britain
Russia
Italy
Romania
United States

12. Ottoman Empire (Bulgaria and Turkey)
Central Powers
Austria-Hungary
Germany
Ottoman Empire (Bulgaria and Turkey)

15. A New Kind of War

16. Machine Gun

17. Trenches

18. Poison Gas

19. Tanks

20. U-Boats

21. America sympathetic to Allies Lusitania Sussex Pledge Zimmerman Note
America Neutral?
America sympathetic to Allies
Lusitania
Sussex Pledge
Zimmerman Note

22. Lusitania
May 1915, a German submarine sank the British ocean liner Lusitania.
Among the hundreds killed, 128 were American.
President Wilson warned Germany not to continue to violate international law, which required warships to provide for the safety of the passengers and crews of trading ships they sank.
Germany apologized.

23. Zimmerman Telegram
The British intercepted and decoded a secret radio message from Germany to Mexico
In this “Zimmerman Telegram,” Germany urged Mexico to attack the United States in return for regaining the southwestern United States.
This was the final straw!

24. America Readys for War

26. The United States enters the War
The US declares war on April 6, 1917
Over 100,000 Georgian men and women contributed to the Allied victory

27. Georgia in the War
Soldiers trained in GA at Fort Benning, Fort McPherson, and Camp Gordon—helped state’s economy
Textile mills made uniforms
Railroads carried troops and goods to port
Victory Gardens—citizens planted gardens to raise their own veggies so there would be more food for the military
Women helped
3,000 from Georgia died in the war

28. War Ends— Wilson’s Fourteen Points
Three Goals:
Elimination of War Causes
Right to choose government
League of Nations (Wilson’s dream)
Foundation for the Unite Nations

29. Treaty of Versailles: --Very harsh on Germany who is forced to agree with the following…. -- Germany stripped of territory, military reduced --Must take blame for entire war --Must pay reparations (payments for war damages)

30. Lives Lost Russia 1,700,000 France 1,357,000 Great Britain 908,000
United States ,174
Germany 1,800,000
Austria 1,200,000
Diseases, hunger, and other war-related causes 20,000,000
Mangled ,000,000

31. WW I Causes WW II… How?