1. ALMA Band 9 technology for CCAT Andrey Baryshev

2. CCAT 2011 Cologne2 ALMA band 9 group SRON A. Baryshev B. Jackson R. Hesper J. Adema F.P. Mena J. Barkhoff M. Bekema K. Keizer G. Gerlofsma A. Koops J. Panman W. Wild TUDelft C. Lodewijk T. Zijlstra E. Van Zeijl T.M. Klapwijk NUIM N. Trappe M. Whale M. Candotti A. Murphy

3. Outline ALMA band 9 technology ALMA band 9 technology Results of >64 ALMA cartridges Results of >64 ALMA cartridges Use of ALMA mixers in FPA (CHAMP+) Use of ALMA mixers in FPA (CHAMP+) 2SB mixer technology 2SB mixer technology CCAT 2011 Cologne3

4. 4 Main band 9 specification RF band 602-720 GHz RF band 602-720 GHz DSB mixing scheme DSB mixing scheme IF band 4-12 GHz (8 GHz bandwidth) IF band 4-12 GHz (8 GHz bandwidth) 4 dB IF pass band ripple 4 dB IF pass band ripple 10 -8 relative total power stability @ 1s 10 -8 relative total power stability @ 1s Sensitivity integrated over IF: 175 K (80% band) 240 K (20% band) Sensitivity integrated over IF: 175 K (80% band) 240 K (20% band) Dual polarization Dual polarization -20 dB cross - polarization response -20 dB cross - polarization response Gain compression within 3% @ 400 K load Gain compression within 3% @ 400 K load Phase stbility Phase stbility No moving parts No moving parts Large amount of receivers Large amount of receivers

5. CCAT 2011 Cologne5 Band 9 cartridge layout 20042006

6. CCAT 2011 Cologne6 Cartridge Optics Layout

7. CCAT 2011 Cologne7 SIS mixer Simple construction Easy to assemble

8. CCAT 2011 Cologne8 SIS Technology SIS Junctions (TU Delft) THz SIS mixers THz SIS mixers quantum-limited sensitivities quantum-limited sensitivities 600-720 GHz bandwidth 600-720 GHz bandwidth LO tuning range LO tuning range 4-12 GHz IF bandwidth 4-12 GHz IF bandwidth 4-8 GHz in HIFI 4-8 GHz in HIFI SIS junctions (TU Delft) SIS junctions (TU Delft) Nb SIS technology Nb SIS technology optimized fabrication optimized fabrication larger quantities larger quantities improved pattern accuracy improved pattern accuracy 1 µm structures are 1 µm 1 µm structures are 1 µm waveguide device mounts waveguide device mounts optimized for series production optimized for series production corrugated horn antennas (RPG) corrugated horn antennas (RPG) commercial product commercial product 100 µm structures +/- 5 µm 100 µm structures +/- 5 µm

9. CCAT 2011 Cologne9 4-12 Cryogenic isolator

10. CCAT 2011 Cologne10 8 cartridges

11. CCAT 2011 Cologne11 ALMA 2012 2012!!

12. CCAT 2011 Cologne12 Noise temperature #1..#8 4 К

13. Noise temperature for 64+ cartridges CCAT 2011 Cologne13

14. Noise temperature for 64+ cartridges CCAT 2011 Cologne14

15. Tnoise vs LO per junction technology CCAT 2011 Cologne15

16. Tnoise vs IF CCAT 2011 Cologne16

17. CHAMP+: A powerfull sub-millimeter heterodyne array The GREAT team: MPIfR (PI-Institute) – C. Kasemann – R. Güsten – S. Heyminck – B. Klein – T. Klein – G. Wieching – H. Hafok – A. Korn – G. Schneider – A. Hänseler – C. Castenholz – H-J Wunsch – F. Schäfer – F. Pacek Mixer development (SRON) – A. Baryshev (SRON) – T.M. Klapwijk (TU Delft)

18. APEX Telescope: Location:Llano de Chajnantor, northern Chile Coordinates: Latitude : 23º00"20.8' South Longitude :67º45'33.0" West Elevation : 5105 m Diameter:12 m f/D: 8 Beam width:(FWHM) 7.8" * (800 / f [GHz]) Main reflector:264 aluminum panels, average panel surface rms 5 micron Surface accuracy:17 micron rms Pointing accuracy:2" rms over sky Mounting:Alt-Az Receiver cabins:2 Nasmyth + 1 Cassegrain Mass:125 000 kg Manufacturer: Vertex Antennentechnik

19. SIS-Mixers THz SIS mixers – quantum-limited sensitivities – 600-720 & 780-950 GHz RF-bandwidth – 4-8 GHz IF bandwidth SIS junctions (TU Delft) – Nb SIS technology (660GHz) – Nb-NbTiN SIS technology ( 850GHz) – optimized fabrication larger quantities improved pattern accuracy high reproducibility waveguide device mounts – optimized for series production corrugated horn antennas (RPG) Mixers assembled to the mixer-mountMixer electronics with connector-blockMagnet block

20. Control electronics LO-synthesizer HEMT-BIAS Magnet-current Mixer-BIAS Temperature monitor Online UPS LO-Power Misc. devices motor controller 810GHz660GHz

21. IF-Processor 14 input channels 14 input channels IF bandwidth 4.625 – 7.475 GHz IF bandwidth 4.625 – 7.475 GHz 28 output channels 28 output channels output 0.05 – 1.55 GHz output 0.05 – 1.55 GHz individual output attenuator individual output attenuator total power detector total power detector Allan minimum times > 500s (@ 1MHz resolution) Allan minimum times > 500s (@ 1MHz resolution) temperature stabilized temperature stabilized fully remote controlled fully remote controlled

22. New backend: FFTS Array FFTS ( Fast Fourier Transform Spectrometer) Array FFTS ( Fast Fourier Transform Spectrometer) 32 backend-channels, each providing 1.5GHz instantaneous bandwidth 1.5GHz instantaneous bandwidth 8192 spectral channels 8192 spectral channels to be installed at APEX in the next two weeks to be installed at APEX in the next two weeks more details: talk 6-7 of B. Klein: The Next Generation of Fast Fourier Transform Spectrometer Old backend: MACS auto-correlator system 32 backend channels, each providing 1GHz instantaneous bandwidth 1GHz instantaneous bandwidth 1024 spectral channel 1024 spectral channel operational at APEX since January 2007 operational at APEX since January 2007

23. The mixer block - assembly RF input horn Magnet coil LO horn Standard band 9 Mixer backpiece IF connect or RF structur e Impedance- matched loads Deflux heater SIS junction Spring- loaded cap Centering ring

24. Block size: 45 x 21 x 53 mm 3 RF mixer Block

25. 2SB ALMA Cartridge!!! 25

26. 2SB Cartridge. First tests. 1)Cartridge prototype – fabricated, works! 2)LO optics designed and approved 3)New 4-12 GHz Hybrid successfully tested

27. Conclusions Good performance large series DSB mixers have been demonstrated, base line for CCAT Good performance large series DSB mixers have been demonstrated, base line for CCAT These can be used in large focal plane arrays These can be used in large focal plane arrays 2SB mixer for ALMA band 9 has been demonstrated 2SB mixer for ALMA band 9 has been demonstrated Ready for CCAT FPA (classical technology) Ready for CCAT FPA (classical technology) Many challenges for real CCAT FPA >64 pixels Many challenges for real CCAT FPA >64 pixels CCAT 2011 Cologne27