1. Properties of Matter
Chapter 2
August 17, 2009

2. Matter
Matter can be divided into two categories: Mixtures and Substances
Matter
Mixtures: Contain
more than one kind
of matter
Examples?
Substances: Cannot
be separated into
different kinds of
matter by physical means
Examples?

3. Two Categories of Mixtures
Homogeneous mixtures
Same throughout
Ex: soda, chocolate ice cream, brass
Heterogeneous mixtures
Different samples are not made of exact same proportions of matter
Ex: chicken soup, soil, rocky road ice cream

4. Two Categories of Pure Substances
Elements
Contain only one kind of matter
Ex: silver, copper, oxygen gas
Smallest possible particle of an element: ATOM
Compounds
Made of two or more elements that cannot be separated
Ex: table salt (sodium chloride), rust, carbon dioxide
Smallest possible particle of a compound: MOLECULE

5. Four States of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma

6. Solid
Molecules constantly vibrate but cannot switch places with other molecules
Retains it shape and size

7. Liquid Molecules move faster and slip out of position
Has a definite size but not shape
Takes on the shape of whatever container it is poured into

8. Gas
Molecules move so fast that they bounce out of the liquid state and into the gas state
No definite size or shape
Will spread out evenly throughout its container

9. Plasma
Matter enters this state when it is heated to such a high temperature that some of the atoms actually begin to break apart
Found in the sun and lightning