1. Chapter 17
Creating American Foreign Policy

2. Foreign Policy How our government deals with other nations Many shifts
Neutrality
Imperialism

3. goals Based on America’s vital interests Protecting security
Preserving peace
Promoting prosperity
Pursuing humanitarian ideals

4. National Security
Most important job of government = protect people from attack
Create armed forces
Form military alliances
Priority = protect citizens from terrorism

5. World Peace
Peaceful world = security from both a military and economic view
United Nations (UN) = peacekeeping organization
Mediation

6. Economic Prosperity
Government protects the right of Americans to buy and sell goods to and from other countries
US = leader in globalization = more open less restricted trade & communication among nations

7. Humanitarian Ideals Promote freedom & democracy Ending poverty
Promoting human rights
How?
Send aide to other countries, assist with elections

8. Foreign Policy Getting other countries to do what we want 2 ways
#1 Soft Power or persuasion
Many forms from diplomacy to exchange of arts

9. Diplomacy
Art and practice of conducting negotiotions between countries
Diplomat = government official in another country
Ambassador = highest ranking diplomat

10. Diplomatic Recognition
1st step
Acknowledgement of another country’s government
Approve
Disapprove

11. Summits Meetings with national leaders G 8 Summit = global economy
1972 = Nixon to China = led to 1979 diplomatic recognition

12. Treaties Agreements that solve problems peacefully
Bilateral = 2 countries
Multilateral = 3 or more countries
War
Environment

13. Trade Relations Use to show approval or disapproval of a government
Most agreements include “most-favored-nation clause”
Countries are treated equally

14. Foreign Aid Cash Equipment People US provided aid to 180 other nations
Page 315 (5 types)

15. Cultural Exchange Increase of goodwill and understanding Eduaction
Science
Business
Performers

16. #2 Hard Power Tools of Foreign Policy
Designed to coerce another country to adopt a course of action
How?

17. Intelligence Info about other country Related to National Security
CIA (gather info through public sources or by spying)

18. Covert Action
Secret operation that supports the country’s foreign policy
Cold War
al Qaeda
Agents…..airplanes…..drones

19. Boycotts & Economic Sanctions
Economic Pressure
Boycott
Refusal to buy goods or take part in something
Sanction
Action taken against a government to get it to change policy (trade barrier to hurt economy)

20. Military Alliance
Agreement by countries to defend each other in case of attack
Mutual Protection
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
28 nations

21. Armed Force Last resort “war is a failure of diplomacy”
Full scale war is often not necessary

22. Foreign Policy
“C” = divides responsibility between President & Congress
Treaties
Ambassadors
War

23. Bureaucracy Administrations & Organizations
Page (4 areas of responsibility)
Diplomacy
Intelligence
National Security
Economy

24. Influence of Congress Congress must “fund” actions by the President
“power of the purse”
Congress can conduct investigations into foreign policy issues
Foreign Relation Committees in the Senate & House shape legislation and advise the President

25. Public Opinion Does the public support government actions?
Polls say “yes” or “no” and President usually listens.

26. Worldviews
How American’s view foreign policy depends on how they see the world
Isolationism
Containment
Disengagement
Human Rights
Antiterrorism