1. Chapter 16: Solids, Liquids, and Gases Section 2: Properties of Fluids
Deepest dive record set in 1960, reaching m in the Mariana Trench, western Pacific Ocean.
Of what material are submarines usually made? Does this material float?
What feature of a boat might help it float even when it is made of a material that does not?
How might a submersible control its rate of ascent and descent?

2. Buoyancy
Buoyancy: the ability of a fluid (liquid or gas) to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it
An object in a fluid will float if its weight is less than the buoyant force acting on it from the fluid.
An object in a fluid will sink if its weight is more than the buoyant force acting on it from the fluid.
An object will float if its density is less than the density of the fluid it is placed in.
What if the object’s density is more?

3. Buoyancy Animations http://web.mst.edu/~gbert/Amaster.HTML

4. Archimedes’ Principle
Archimedes’ principle: the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

5. Archimedes’ Principle

6. Pascal’s Principle
Pascal’s principle: the pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid
Pressure is force exerted per unit area.
Hydraulic machines use this principle to lift heavy loads.

7. Bernoulli’s Principle
Bernoulli’s principle: as the velocity of the fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases.
Airplanes use this principle to fly

8. Bernoulli’s Principle

9. Viscosity Viscosity: a liquid’s resistance to flow.
The thicker the liquid, the higher the viscosity.
The thinner the liquid, the lower the viscosity
Molecular structure determines a fluid’s viscosity
Increased temperature will lower viscosity
Heat maple syrup and it will become more runny
Can you swim faster in water than syrup?
Hmm… sounds like a good Mythbusters Episode