1. Lecture 6 Slides rh

2. Warburg Effect Otto Heinrich Warburg 1931 Nobel Prize in Medicine
the Warburg effect is the observation that most cancer cells
predominantly produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis
followed by lactic acid fermentation in the cytosol
Otto Heinrich
Warburg
1931
Nobel Prize
in Medicine

3. Warburg Effect

4. Getting
other
sugars
into the
glycolytic
pathway
fig 14-10

5. A second route for fructose (in liver)
pg 545

6. Now what?
fig 14-1

8. Now what?
fig 14-1

9. Now what? Fermentation: anaerobic metabolism of glucose
without oxidation...
fig 14-1

10. LDH converts pyruvate to lactate, restoring the pool of NAD+
pg 547

11. LDH converts pyruvate to lactate, restoring the pool of NAD+
pg 547

12. ethanol production: another NAD+ restoration strategy
pg 547

13. Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP): an activated carbon
fig 14-14

14. Thiamine pyrophosphate in ethanol production
fig 14-14

15. TPP as a
carbanion
nucleophile
in pyruvate
metabolism
fig 14-14

16. nucleophile in pyruvate metabolism
TPP as a carbanion
nucleophile in pyruvate
metabolism
fig 14-14

17. nucleophile in pyruvate metabolism
TPP as a carbanion
nucleophile in pyruvate
metabolism
fig 14-14

18. TPP-mediated enzymatic reactions
TPP is all about carbonyl activation
table 14-1

19. The glycolysis energy landscape
(pyruvate set to 0)

20. hexokinse (and glucokinse)
Regulated glycolytic enzymes
hexokinse (and glucokinse)
regulated by G6P allosterically
liver isozyme is glucokinase, different
phosphofructokinase (PFK-1)
pyruvate kinase
regulated by ATP, citrate, and fatty acids

21. The glycolysis energy landscape
(pyruvate set to 0)

22. regulation of hexokinase: isozymes can differ
fig 15-12

23. PFK-1 :
a right
fancy
enzyme!
fig 15-14

24. PFK-1: allosteric regulation by ATP, etc…
fig 15-14

25. PFK-1: allosteric regulation by ADP, etc…
xxx

26. PFK-1 has multiple allosteric regulators
fig 15-14

27. Our book’s notation for regulators
inhibition
activation
fig 15-14

28. PFK-1 has multiple allosteric regulators
fig 15-14

29. Pentose phosphate pathway oxidative reactions Glucose as a source of
other stuff
fig 14-21

30. Pentose
phosphate
pathway
oxidative
reactions
fig 14-21

31. Pentose
phosphate
pathway
oxidative
reactions
fig 14-21

32. Pentose
phosphate
pathway
oxidative
reactions
fig 14-21

33. Pentose phosphate pathway: non-oxidative rxns
all movement
of carbonyl groups
to and fro…
fig 14-22

34. Pentose phosphate pathway: non- oxidative reactions 2C 3C 2C 2C 2C 3C
fig 14-22
end of lecture 6

35. LDH
converts
pyruvate
to lactate,
restoring
the pool
of NAD+
pg 547