1. Comparing activation and recoil forces generated by epinephrine autoinjectors and their training devices 
Ryan C. Jacobsen, MD, Trent M. Guess, PhD, A. Wesley Burks, MD 
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 
Volume 129, Issue 4, Pages e4 (April 2012)
DOI: /j.jaci
Copyright © 2011 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
Example of graphic data collected from universal tester during pilot testing of a Twinject EAI. Negative forces represent compression. The AF was the crosshead force measured at the instant before injection of the needle into the gelatin. The RF measurement typically occurred between 100 and 400 ms after the device was activated.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , e4DOI: ( /j.jaci )
Copyright © 2011 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

3. Fig E1 Denim patch overlying ballistics gelatin.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , e4DOI: ( /j.jaci )
Copyright © 2011 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

4. Fig E2
Universal tester used to measure AFs and RFs. The crosshead (thin black arrow) displaces downward, causing compression at the end of the autoinjector into the gelatin and ultimately triggering the device. The EAI (thick white arrow) rests on a denim-covered cup of gelatin.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , e4DOI: ( /j.jaci )
Copyright © 2011 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

5. Fig E3
Custom fixtures were created to hold each unique brand of the different EAIs/EAITDs during testing. Each fixture consisted of a 40 mm × 40 mm × 50 mm block with an opening in the center that was slightly larger than the outside shape of the EAIs/EAITDs, such that they were vertically aligned for testing but also that their motion was not impeded by the fixtures. The fixtures were constructed from ABS plastic by using a Dimension BST 1200es series 3D printer (Eden Prairie, Minn).
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , e4DOI: ( /j.jaci )
Copyright © 2011 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions