1. New Safety Technology for Vehicles
Shannon Sparks, Donald Hitzeman,
Freddy Paulenich, Maria Sanchez,
Olivia Schneider, & David Dato!

2. As we each go about our daily lives filled with errands, commuting, and events, we rely heavily on vehicles to get us safely to our destinations. According to the Department of Transportation, there are approximately 204 million vehicles registered in the United States, meaning that there is great potential for a collision and for a trip to the grocery store or movie theatre to turn deadly for drivers, passengers, and pedestrians. Luckily, for the modern motorist, the safety technology for vehicles continues to improve. Our group wishes to share with you today, some developing technologies in cars that help to keep you and the world around safe from the potentially devastating side-effects of a collision. We will explore the inner workings of Night Vision, Park-Assistance, Adaptive Headlights, and Airbags in the attempt to draw attention to these significant, upcoming features, as well as illustrate the evolving future of vehicles complete with diminished opportunities for collision and increased chance of survival in the case of a crash.

3. BMW Night Vision with pedestrian detection
-Developed by Swedish firm Autoliv Electronics
-Uses thermal imaging and infrared cameras to
detect minute changes in temperature,
which distinguish animals from humans.
-Provides clear vision over twice the range of the car’s headlights
- Silver-dollar size camera in grille
-Computer converts data to images on the dashboard i-Drive navigation display
-Monitors speed and trajectory and warns driver of imminent collisions

5. Park-Assist Technology
- Utilizing sonar technology, a large number of sensors around the car give it 360 degrees of “vision.”
- A central computer processor compares those distances with the dimensions of the car to check if the vehicle can actually fit into the spot.
- For parallel parking, the driver must position their vehicle
- As the car is backing into the space:
- The computer analyzes the surroundings.
- It calculates the best parking angle to use.
- It takes “control” of the Power Steering and backs the car in.

6. Park-Assist Technology (cont.)
- Some models have a camera that gives the driver a view of the back and allows for user control in case the computer system makes a mistake.
- Another feature that allows for human checks on the system is the option for the driver to verify that the spot outlined by the computer is the correct parking space.
- Ford has introduced technology that allows for the driver to be outside of the car while it is parking with more precise sonar sensors.
- The driver must be pressing their for the vehicle to move, and similar precautions, as with parallel-parking assistance, regarding prior positioning must be taken.

7. Adaptive Headlights
Adaptive headlights turn their beams according to the driver’s steering, so visibility around curves in low-light conditions is improved.
These systems are controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU). Within the ECU, there are a number of subcomponents.
Wheel speed sensors monitor the speed of rotation of each wheel.
A yaw sensor tracks a vehicle’s movement when taking a corner.
A steering input sensor monitors the angle of the steering wheel so that the headlights can be adjusted accordingly.
Also, there are small motors attached to each headlight to guide the direction the light is aimed at.

8. Adaptive Headlights, Continued
Improvements made by adaptive headlights, as illustrated in this image, are substantial and crucial for safe driving when taking turns in low-light conditions. Older headlight setups are simply incapable of matching this advancement.
Picture Credit: usautoparts.net

9. 25,782 lives saved by frontal airbags
Airbags use crash sensors “tell” the device that tells the bag to inflate
Step by Step:
Collision sensors attached to the vehicle detects the collision, a signal is sent to the Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
The signal is processed, and the ECU determines if an airbag deployment is necessary. If so, it sends a signal to initiate the airbag inflation.
The inflators are activated through an igniter, causing a chemical reaction that emits gas, resulting in the deployment of the airbag cushion.

10. 4. The force of the collision reaches the passengers, and they begin to move forward. By this time the airbags are fully inflated and they are ready to receive and restrict the movement of the passengers.
5. The airbags are fully inflated by this time. The passenger’s motion energy is absorbed by the vehicle, the seat belt load limiter, and the airbags.
6. The energy of passenger movement is fully absorbed.

11. Predictive Forward Collision Warning

12. Predictive Forward Collision Warning
The system supports the driver in making a judgment by giving information about the situation which is going on outside his typical field of view.
A sensor installed to the front of the vehicle can analyze the relative velocity and the distance to a vehicle directly ahead, as well as a vehicle traveling in front of the preceding one.
The technology perceives risks which lie beyond the ahead which are outside the driver’s field of view.
laser-based system, with pre-pressurized breaks to apply maximum force as early as possible(Nissan)
other companies have different systems:
Audi:Pre-Sense Plus; radar and video sensors
Ford: Obstacle Avoidance Tech; sensors and cameras
GM: Collision Alert System; radar and camera based Crash imminent braking
Honda: Collision Mitigation Brake System (CMBS); radar based
Mercedes-Benz: Pre-safe system; ESP sensors and brake assist
Subaru: ja:EyeSight; two Charge-Couple Devices (CCD) stereo cameras
Toyota: Pre-Collision System; radar-based forward-facing millimeter-wave radar

13. Predictive Forward Collision Warning: How?
The sensor installed to the front of the vehicle monitors the relative velocity and the distance to the vehicle directly ahead, as well as a vehicle traveling in front of the preceding one. The system is able to detect changes in the situation that are outside the driver’s field of view, and give alert to the driver with signal on display, audible warning and tightening up the seat belt if a potential risk is detected.

14. Conclusion: Without modern technology in vehicles, such as the four discussed in today’s presentation, safety would be impossible to attain. With technology’s continued evolution, vehicles will only get safer. There is much to be proud of regarding these advancements!
2017/

15. Works Cited
Brain, Marshall. "How Airbags Work." HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks, Inc, n.d. Web. 16 Apr
"Collision Avoidance System." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 15 Apr Web. 16 Apr
"Predictive Forward Collision Warning." Future Technology. Nissan Motor Corporation, n.d. Web. 16 Apr
USATODAY.com--Americans’ Love Affair with Cars, Trucks, and SUVS Continues. Gannett Co. Inc., 30 Aug Web. 15 Apr
Howard, Bill. “Ford’s Amazing New Tech: Park Your Car From Outside the Car.” ExtremeTech. ExtremeTech.com. 8 Oct Web. 16 Apr
“Intelligent Parking Assist System.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. 18 March Web. 16 Apr
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