1. Chapter 3
Colonial Ways of Life

2. Who were the American settlers?
Young, male, poor
Over half = indentured servants
2/3 = came alone
Why did they come?
European population growth
Rise of commercial agriculture
Political security
Religious freedom

3. Mass Migrations 1629-1641 – Puritans (Massachusetts)
Wealthy Royalists with indentured servants (Virginia)
Quakers (West Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware)
– Celtic and Scotch-Irish (Appalachians)

4. Women – remained subordinate and domestic as in Europe Slavery –
Enduring folkways – settlers retained many of their different cultural attitudes and customs
Changed landscape – deforestation, domesticated animals, ravaged large mammal populations
Women – remained subordinate and domestic as in Europe
Slavery –
Jamestown in 1619 (not treated much different than white indentured servants)
Color differences = hereditary life service
Brazil – most “voracious appetite” for slaves
P. 116 – color was crucial difference

5. Triangular Trade – Atlantic Trade

6. Puritans Wanted purified form of Anglican church
P. 128 – New England Puritans …
Salem Witch Trials – from 1620 to 1700, 20 colonists were put to death for witchcraft
Adolescent imagination and contagious
Long standing feuds and property disputes
Women in power

7. REDUCED ROLE OF GOD TO REMOTE CREATOR
The Enlightenment
European movement that emphasized a search for knowledge.
Also called the Age of Reason
Brought on by scientific revolution – natural laws that govern universe
Copernicus = earth not center of universe
Newton = natural order
REDUCED ROLE OF GOD TO REMOTE CREATOR

8. The Enlightenment in Europe
Thinkers in Europe admired the new approach to science. They thought that logic and reason could also be used to improve society, law, and government.
English philosopher John Locke said it was the duty of government to protect the citizens’ natural rights: life, liberty, and property.
French Baron de Montesquieu suggested that the powers of government be divided.
French writer Voltaire criticized intolerance and prejudice.

9. The Enlightenment and the American Colonies
The Enlightenment in America
John Locke’s writings were widely read in America. They influenced Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin (untutored genius), among others.
Jefferson used Locke’s theories when he wrote the Declaration of Independence.
Other American leaders used Enlightenment ideas when they drafted the United States Constitution.
Franklin and Jefferson were also interested in science and invention, applying reason to ask questions and find answers.

10. The Great Awakening
Enlightenment thinkers questioned common beliefs and deep-rooted superstitions.
P. 142 – Evil in the world…
Changes in religious attitudes
Strict groups such as the Puritans were upset by the growing tolerance for other beliefs.
Some religious leaders worried that material values and concern for making money had displaced spiritual values. Clergy looked for new ways to bring people back to the church.
REVIVAL