1. GQ6 Guiding Question 6 How does storage work, what different types of storage are there, where can one store information, and how does one prevent information from being lost? Create a backup plan that everyone should use to back-up their personal information and explain why your plan is better than any other plan. Where can one store information, and how does one prevent information from being lost? BY: ANGUS MACAULAY

2. Storage Primary storage Volatile Temporary It loses all of its contents when power to the system unit is shut off. Secondary storage Nonvolatile Permanent Writing : is the process of saving information. Reading: is the process of accessing information

3. Where can one store information ? Secondary Storage Devices Secondary storage characteristics Media (actual physical material that holds the data and programs, Example: CD). Capacity (measured how much a particular storage medium can hold) Storage devices (are hardware that reads data and program from storage media) Access speed (measures the amount of time required by storage device to retrieve data and program).

4. Floppy Disks Diskettes Flexible disk and Floppies The plastic disk inside the diskette cover is flexible Portable storage media Floppy disk drives (FDD) Store data and programs by altering the electromagnetic charges on the disk surface to represent ones and zeroes.. Traditional Floppy Disk

5. Types of Floppies High capacity Known as a floppy-disk cartridge Require special disk drives Three well known types Zip disks (Iomega) 100MB, 250MB, 750MB HiFD disks (Sony) 200MB, 720MB, read and store data on 1.44MB disk SuperDisks (Imation) 240MB, 120MB SuperDisks (Imation) HiFD disks (Sony) Zip disks (Iomega)

6. Hard Disks Use thicker, metallic platters for storage Faster than a floppy diskette Large capacity Sensitive instruments Removable hard disks Used to complement internal hard disk Capacities of 10 to 20 GB Internal Hard Disk Located inside system unit Known as a fixed disk Designated as the C drive Advantages over floppies Access speed Capacity Hard-Disk Cartridges

7. Optical Disks Compact Permanent storage Optical disk use reflected light. The 1s and 0s are represented by flat areas called lands and bumpy areas called pits. Two common types CD ( 650 MB to 1GB) DVD ( 4.7 GB to 17 GB)

8. Optical Disks Compact Disc Digital Versatile Disc Optical format From 650 MB to 1 GB capacity Rotation speeds vary It determines how fast data can be transferred from the CD 24X or 24- speed CD drive can transfer 3.6 MB per second. Types Read only: CD-ROM Write once: CD-R Rewriteable: CD-RW Picture CDs and Photo CDs Digital Versatile Disk or Digital Video Disk (DVD) Similar to CDs, but can store more data Types Read only Write once Rewritable Data PlayCD-R Optical disk Write once format Quarter size 500 MB capacity Holds 5 hours of CD-quality sound Use for storing and playing music files Data play format ( search for it)

9. Blu-Ray Technology Blu-Ray Disks use blue laser light instead of the red laser light used in traditional CD players Disks may ultimately hold Over 30GB on one-sided disks Over 50GB on two-sided disks

10. Other Types of Secondary Storage Solid-State Storage Flash memory (CF) cards Secure Digital (SD cards Sony memory stick In addition to still and video digital cameras, many mobile phones, tablets, netbooks, media players, audio recorders and televisions now also have slots for reading and writing a flash memory card. USB memory sticks (or USB memory keys, USB memory drives, or whatever you choose to call them!) are basically a combination of a flash memory card and a flash memory card reader in one handy and tiny package. Over the past five years, USB memory sticks have also become the dominant means of removable, re-writable portable data storage, and look set to remain so for some time. www.explainingcomputers.com/storage.html

11. NETWORK AND ONLINE STORAGE CLOUD STORAGE In the home, back-up to a server is also now an option for many. Many home users are now storing at least some of their data out on the Internet. And even those not using online applications and processing power now have the option of backing up moderate amounts of data online, and often for free! Files stored and/or backed-up online are still saved to a hard disk rather than to some magic, new alternative media. However, the fact that the disk is located remotely to your computer, can be accessed from anywhere, and is probably backed up by the service provider(?), can make online storage and back-up very attractive http://www.explainingcomputers.com/storage.html

12. How does one prevent information from being lost? Effective storage protocol involves taking physical security measures (to ensure media are not stolen or damaged), minimizing the risk and implications of error, failure or loss (for example by developing a resilient back-up strategy), appropriate user authentication (for example by employing strong pass wording), and possibly the encryption of sensitive files.

13. Lost data, information and storage threats Operator error (for example a user inadvertently deleting the wrong file). Media failure (either as a result of wear-and-tear, old age or accidental damage). Theft or sabotage (of data or its media). Hackers (who obtain unauthorized online access via the Internet). Malware (any form of virus, and including "Trojan" e-mail attachments that users are encouraged to open). Power surges and/or outages (which are one of the most common means of hard disk corruption and hardware damage). Flood, fire, storm or other natural disasters.. www.explainingcomputers.com/security.html

14. Keeping your data and information While physical threats need to be protected against, most data is lost or corrupted following user error or hardware failure. The best defense against this is an appropriate back-up strategy, users need to ensure that they take regular backs-ups at regular intervals and before and after making key data changes. They also need to store multiple back-ups on different media in different locations. There is no such thing as a permanent store of any form of computer data. Nor is any storage location entirely safe (although the cloud data centers run by Google, Amazon, IBM, Microsoft and other computing industry giants are pretty well protected these days!). www.explainingcomputers.com/security.html

15. References All Terms, Definitions and Descriptions came from Information obtained from these sources: Bus 101 Class Textbook, COMPUTERS Are Your Future, LaBerta. Wickopedia What is.com, http://whatis.techtarget.com/http://whatis.techtarget.com/ www.explainingcomputers.com/storage.html www.explainingcomputers.com/security.html Illustrations : Google Images Bing Images