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Flash activity. These activities are not editable.

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1 Flash activity. These activities are not editable.
Complex Sentences This presentation matches Key Objective S1: recognise and use subordinate clauses, explore relative and adverbial clauses and deploy subordinate clauses in a variety of positions. Photo © 2006 Jupiterimages Corporation. Icons key: For more detailed instructions, see the Getting Started presentation Flash activity. These activities are not editable. Teacher’s notes included in the Notes Page Extension activities Web addresses Accompanying worksheet 1 of 22 © Boardworks Ltd 2006

2 The subordinate clause Relative and adverbial clauses
Contents Simple sentences Compound sentences The subordinate clause Relative and adverbial clauses Writing complex sentences 2 of 22 © Boardworks Ltd 2006

3 Complex sentences: Simple sentences
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4 Different types of sentences
Hi Max, do you want to revise with me for Friday’s sentence test? Yeah sure Megan. I want to test my knowledge to make sure that I score 100%... Well I want to do well too. I’m going to become a famous novelist, so I need good writing skills. This slide introduces the presentation. If you are teaching each section separately, you may choose to delete it.

5 Simple sentences Let’s quickly recap basic sentences…
Can you remember the differences between simple and compound sentences? Simple sentences contain a subject, a verb and an object. Simple sentences make sense on their own, e.g. I like tea. Subject Verb Object

6 Subject, verb, object revision
Read the sentences below: John loves television. My brother eats worms. Norman picks his nose. verb subject object Worksheet One accompanies this slide. It asks student to underline the verbs, subjects and objects in the sentences on the slide and nine more sentences. Decide which words are the verbs, subjects and objects in the sentences.

7 Complex sentences: Compound sentences
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8 Compound sentences Now let’s revise compound sentences…
Compound sentences are simple sentences which have been joined together by the conjunctions: or, and or but. I like tea. I like coffee. These are two simple sentences. They can be joined to form a compound sentence: I like tea and I like coffee.

9 Simple and compound sentences
Worksheet Two accompanies this slide.

10 Complex sentences: The subordinate clause
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11 The subordinate clause
Now we need to understand the tricky part – complex sentences... Look at the three sentences below: 1. Mr Farrell, who is our English teacher, always gives great lessons. 2. Liverpool, which is where I live, is an amazing city. 3. I hate my woolly jumper that my granny bought for me. Compare the sentences without the highlighted words… 1. Mr Farrell always gives great lessons. 2. Liverpool is an amazing city. Do the extra words make any difference? 3. I hate my woolly jumper.

12 The purpose of the subordinate clause
1. Mr Farrell, who is our English teacher, always gives great lessons. 2. Liverpool, which is where I live, is an amazing city. 3. I hate my woolly jumper that my granny bought for me. The extra words provide us with additional information about the subject, verb or object… They tell us that… Mr Farrell is an English teacher the speaker lives in Liverpool the jumper was bought by the subject’s granny.

13 Types of clauses The sentence below is a complex sentence.
Mr Farrell, who is our English teacher, always gives great lessons. Mr Farrell, who is our English teacher, always gives great lessons. Mr Farrell, who is our English teacher, always gives great lessons. The main and most important idea in the sentence is called the main clause. This makes sense on its own. The additional information is called the subordinate clause. This clause would not make sense on its own. Pupils may ask what a clause is. A useful explanation is ‘a group of words which go with a verb.’ They aren’t complete sentences on their own. They are like the ‘bricks’ of the sentence. When the minor clause begins with who, which or that, it is a relative clause and it is introduced by a relative pronoun. When the subordinate clause splits the main clause down the middle, commas are used to show the boundaries between them.

14 Spotting different clauses
Worksheet Three accompanies this slide.

15 Complex sentences: Relative and adverbial clauses
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16 Complex sentences Okay, so a sentence with a main clause and a subordinate clause is known as a… complex sentence e.g. John walked by the canal that was full of barges. main clause subordinate clause ‘that’ is a relative pronoun. This is explained on the next slide. Do you know what sort of word ‘that’ is?

17 The functions of subordinate clauses
Subordinate clauses can be used for different purposes: Relative clauses are used to provide more detail about nouns. They are introduced by the relative pronouns who, which and that. e.g. The food that we ate on holiday was delicious. Relative clauses are used in the middle or at the end of sentences. Adverbial clauses describe the verb in more detail. They are introduced by adverbs such as slowly, before, happily, etc. e.g. Before starting work, Roger fed his pet cat. Adverbial clauses can be used anywhere in the sentence.

18 Adverbial and relative clauses
Worksheet Four accompanies this slide.

19 Complex sentences: Writing complex sentences
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20 Different types of sentences
Worksheet Five accompanies this slide. This Flash activity does not mark but these are the suggested answers: Simple, 2. Complex, 3. Compound, 4. Complex, 5. Simple, 6. Complex, 7. Compound, 8. Complex, 9. Compound, 10. Simple. The pupils could be asked to justify their answers by pointing out why each sentence is simple, compound or complex.

21 Writing complex sentences
Look at the picture of Megan. Write five complex sentences using subordinate clauses. Use these details: name: Megan owns: a pet tarantula called Mogg species: Mogg is a Chilean Rose wears: hooded tops, patterned tights and boots hair colour: red ambition: to become a writer. Worksheet Six accompanies this slide. It might be a good idea to support the students at this stage by making this a class activity to recap relative pronouns and adverbs in more detail. Students should generate sentences along the lines of: Megan, who has red hair, likes to wear hooded tops, patterned tights and boots that are made of leather. She owns a pet tarantula, which is called Mogg and is a Chilean Rose. After reading an amazing book, Megan decided to become a writer when she grows up. Remember: introduce relative clauses with relative pronouns and adverbial clauses with adverbs.

22 Using simple, compound and complex sentences
Let’s recap when to use simple, compound and complex sentences… Simple and compound sentences are useful to be brief: in emergency instructions to teach young children for someone who can’t read much English. Complex sentences are useful to be descriptive: to explain something in detail to be precise about what you are describing to keep your reader interested.


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