1. The Kite Runner Background Information:  Historical, Political and Cultural Contexts

2. The Kite Runner: Introduction
First novel to be written in English
Title is derived from an old Afghan
    hobby  Gudiparan Bazi  or Kite Flying
 It is a unique Afghan pastime 
    during windy spring season

3. About the Author Born in 1965 in Kabul, Afghanistan
Moved to the States in 1980
Attended Santa Clara University, Cal
Graduated from UC San Diego School
    of Medicine in 1996
 His specialty is internal medicine.

4. Synopsis The novel maps the journey of the Amir, the narrator.
 The story takes place in Afghanistan, 
   Pakistan, and the United States from 1975 
   to 2003.

5. Map of Middle East

6. Synopsis Amir belongs to:
a wealthy family whose father is a businessman
the dominant Pashtun ethnic group
the dominant Sunni religious group

7. Synopsis Amir tells the story of his friendship with Hassan.
Hassan and his father, Ali, are Amir’s servants
He is a low-caste ethnic Hazara
He belongs to the minority Shi’it religious 
   denomination
He is the victim of discrimination due to his religious
   and ethnic identity

8. Synopsis AMIR AND HIS GUILT:
Amir is overwhelmed with guilt when he allows a neighborhood bully named Assef to beat and sexually assault Hassan.
SEPARATION:
Hassan and his father leave Kabul for Hazarajat
Amir and his father flee Afghanistan for Pakistan and eventually they end up in Fremont, California
Amir takes his tragic memories to America

9. Synopsis He returns to Afghanistan in search of Hassan
While in Pakistan, Amir finds out that Hassan and
    his wife were killed by the Taliban regime
They left a son behind by the name of Sohrab, who has become another victim of Assef’s assaults, and Amir must try to rescue him.

10. The Taliban The world Taliban is the plural of and Arabic word, Talib,
or someone who seeks religious knowledge before he becomes a preacher in a mosque
They were the sons of Afghan refugees in Pakistan and
attended Pakistani schools of theology
Became active in October 1994 in Qandahar and 
continued their advances in the country with help of
Pakistan
By 1997 they held about 90 percent of the Afghan 
territory, including Kabul
Effects of the Taliban’s Takeover
They brought relative peace and security in the country

11. Effects of the Taliban’s Takeover
The banished the warlords and forced to the northeastern
corner of the country and formed the Northern Alliance
Restored law and order but through rigorous enforcement
of Islamic punishment: public beating, flogging, amputation of hands, and stoning to death
The Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and Suppression of Vice was the powerful arm of the Taliban government.
The ministry issued strict religious decrees that denied people the right to freedom of expression, association, the right to work, and the right to education
They prohibited games such as kite flying, chess, music,
cassette

12. The Taliban and the World Reaction
Only three countries recognized the Taliban government:
Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Pakistan
Initially, America gave a lukewarm support to the Taliban.
We hoped the regime would be a partner in oil-pipeline, UNOCAL or Union Oil Company of California
CONCLUSION
The new game, the Cold War, between the U.S.A. and the former Soviet Union, brought death and utter destruction to the country
Over 5 million Afghans abandoned their homes and went into exile in other countries
Close to 1.5 million lost their lives
Many left their homes for secured areas of the country

13. Other Factors the Contributed to a Failed State in Afghanistan
A DIVERSE NATION
Afghanistan is nation of groups with distinct ethnic, religious, and tribal traditions.
ETHNIC DIVERSITY
Over 30 different ethnic groups.  They are not contained within Afghanistan.
Pashtuns are the dominant ethnic group, who account for about 38 percent of the population and ruled Afghanistan for most of the history of Afghanistan.
Tajiks are the second largest ethnic groups with about 25
percent of the population.

14. Hazaras consists of about10 to 15 percent
Ethnicity
Hazaras consists of about10 to 15 percent
Pashtun
Tajik
Hazara

15. Others (Turkmen, Aimaq, Baluch, Nuristani)
Ethnicity
Others (Turkmen, Aimaq, Baluch, Nuristani)
13 percent.
Uzbak
Pashtun
Uzbeks consists of
about 9 percent
Baluch

16. Religious Diversity
Afghanistan has two dominant religious groups, the Sunni,or the so-called orthodox Islam, and Shi’ite or the so-called heterodox.
Sunni constitutes 85 percent of the population and Shi’ite consists of 15 percent of Afghan population
Shi’ites split from the Sunni’s in the seventh century over who the Prohet Mohammad’s legitimate successors were
Shi’ites consider Ali, the cousin and son-in-law of the
Prophet, the legitimate successor
Shi’ites developed their own conception of Islamic law
and practices.
In the past Shi’ites had been persecuted in Afghanistan.

17. Conclusion
The Kite Runner tells more than just the story of Amir and Hassan. It is the sad story of the Afghan people. They have suffered at the hands of foreign invaders and their own people.

18. Kite Running