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Objective: Explain the main types of mutations

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1 Objective: Explain the main types of mutations
S4: The Central Dogma E4: Mutations Objective: Explain the main types of mutations Do this: Prepare for Notes!

2 Mutations may or may not change phenotypes Two main types:

3 Gene Mutations: Occur mostly during replication.
Point Mutation: Substitutes one nucleotide for another

4 Gene Mutations: Occur mostly during replication.
Point Mutation Frameshift Mutation: Inserts or deletes a nucleotide in the DNA sequence

5 Chromosomal Mutations: Occur mostly during Crossing over.
Gene Duplication: Adds or deletes ENTIRE SEGMENTS of a chromosome

6 Translocation: Exchange of DNA segments between nonhomologous chromosomes

7 Causes:

8 Causes: Replication Errors

9 Causes: Replication Errors Mutagens: UV rays, chemicals…

10 Causes: Replication Errors Mutagens: UV rays, chemicals… Occurs in sex cells

11 Causes: Replication Errors Mutagens: UV rays, chemicals… Occurs in sex cells Creates variation (good and bad

12

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