1. Bell Ringer
Give an example of how the environment can affect the process of natural selection.

2. Answers
Your answers will vary.
One possible example is the rabbit that changes color due to colder weather.

3. Schedule 3rd period Review for Test Study Guide 4th Period
In the lab to …
complete a moth simulation
Take practice DNA Quizzes
Work on Science Fair Project.

4. Study Guide
The following slides are your study guide for the Evolution Test Next Tuesday. You will need to copy the following slides so that you can be prepared for your test.

5. Question #1
Put the following organisms in order of their probable appearance in early earth environments. Then explain why you ordered them the way you did.
Eukaryotes
Photosynthetic organisms
Anaerobic organisms
Prokaryotes
Aerobic organisms

6. Question #2
Explain how fossils help prove the theory of evolution.

7. Question #3
Which of the fossils in the following picture is most likely the oldest?

8. Question #4
The image above shows different body shapes within a population of giraffes (play along, OK?) The difference in body shape are an example of
? adaptation
? sexual selection
? variation
? natural selection

9. A particular breed of hare has a coat that turns white in the winter to blend with the snow in its environment. One winter, no snow falls and the white coats make the hares easy for predators to see against the brown dirt. The most immediate expected result of this environmental change is that
? many of the hares will be eaten
? the next generation of hares will have brown winter coats
? the hares' coats will turn to brown color
? the hares will migrate to a snowy region
Question #5

10. Question #6
To the right you see the lovable castaways of Gilligan's Island. Imagine that Ginger, the red head, is struck on the head by a falling coconut and killed. Her demise eliminates the red-hair allele from the small population of the island. The elimination of the allele is an example of
? natural selection
? gene flow
? artificial selection
? genetic drift

11. Question #7
In a population of white and brown rats, 16% of the rats have a white coat. Assuming that white coat color is a recessive trait, what percentage of the total color alleles code for brown coats?
? 40%
? 60%
? 96%
? 20%

12. Question #8
Delicious fruit is an adaptation in some flowering plants that assists in
? seed dispersal
? repelling harmful pests
? attracting pollinators
? attracting mates

13. Question #9
An experiment was conducted by Diane Dodd in which a single population of fruit flies was divided into two, with one of the populations fed with starch-based food and the other with maltose-based food. After the populations had diverged over many generations, the groups were again mixed; it was observed that the flies continued to prefer mating with others from the same original population. This process could eventually result in
? natural selection
? extinction
? geographic isolation
? speciation

14. Question # 10
For centuries, dog breeders have chosen to breed particular dogs to pass on, or even enhance, desirable traits. This is an example of
? natural selection
? artificial selection
? speciation
? sexual selection

15. Question #11
A gene mutation in a certain flower allows the flower to produce more seeds. The seeds each have the same chance of producing a new plant as do seeds from flowers that do not possess this mutation. It can be expected that
? the mutation will kill the flowers that don't have the mutation.
? the mutated gene will become more common in the next generation of these flowers.
? the other plants in the area will develop the same mutation.
? the seeds with the mutation will taste better to animals.

16. What you’ll be expected to do on the test.
Understand fossil drawings
Differentiate between homologous, analogous, and vestigial structures.
Explain radiant evolution (Darwin’s finches)
Explain pesticide and antibiotic resistance
Explain how bodies fight off infections
Explain the difference between vaccines and antibiotics.
Determine if you should use and antibiotic or if you should have gotten a vaccine for a particular disease.
Distinguish between passive and active immunity.