1. The Human Body: An Orientation
Part 2

2. The Language of Anatomy
Special terminology is used to prevent misunderstanding
Exact terms are used for:
Position
Direction
Regions
Structures
Slide 1.21
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

3. Anatomical Position Face the person sitting next to you
Now wave to them with your RIGHT hand
Is the hand they are waving on the same side as your RIGHT hand?
NO!
When you are looking at an organism in anatomical position, their RIGHT side is your left side, and vice versa

4. Anatomical Position
Standing straight, head forward, palms facing front.
Why is it important to have a standard position when looking at anatomy?

5. Orientation and Directional Terms
Using the textbook, complete the handout “Anatomical Terminology & Practice. You must write a definition, draw a picture, and write a sentence using the words. You may not use the same sentence as the book has for the terms!

6. Two more directional Terms
Ventral
Pertaining to the front
Which other directional term is this similar to?
Anterior!
Dorsal
Pertaining to the back
Posterior!

7. Quick Quiz Part 1 of 3 The eyes are ________ to the chest
The chest is _____________to the spine
The foot is _________ to the knee
The heel is __________ to the toes
Superior
Anterior/Ventral
Inferior
Posterior/Dorsal

8. Body Landmarks Anterior Slide 1.24 Figure 1.5a
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

9. Body Landmarks Posterior Slide 1.25 Figure 1.5b
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

10. Body Sections Longitudinal Sections Transverse Section
Cut the body lengthwise
Median Plane
Cuts the body into Right and Left parts (down the middle of the body)
Frontal Plane
Cuts the body into anterior and posterior (front and back) sections
Transverse Section
Cuts along a horizontal plane into superior and inferior (top and bottom) sections
Also called “Cross Section”

11. Body Planes Slide 1.26 Figure 1.6
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

12. Quick Quiz Part 2 of 3 Which plane is #1 pointing to?
Frontal
Which plane is #2 pointing to?
Median
Which plane is #3 pointing to?
Transverse

13. Body Cavities Dorsal Cavities (Where are these located?)
Cranial Cavity
Inside the skull
Contains the brain
Spinal Cavity
Inside the vertebrae from the back of the skull to the tailbone
Contains the spinal cord

14. Body Cavities Ventral Cavities Thoracic Cavity Abdominal Cavity
In the chest area
Contains the lungs and heart
Abdominal Cavity
Upper stomach area
Contains Stomach, Liver and Intestines
Pelvic Cavity
Lower stomach area
Contains the reproductive organs, bladder and rectum

15. Body Cavities Slide 1.27 Figure 1.7
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

16. Quick Quiz Part 3 of 3 Which body cavity contains the brain?
Cranial Cavity
When you cut a section that separates a body into anterior and posterior, what kind of section is it?
Frontal Section
Fill in the blank: The chest is __________ to the hips
Superior

17. Assignment Draw a human body Color and Label the following:
3 planes (frontal, medial, transverse)
Ventral cavities (Thoracic, Abdominal, Pelvic)
Draw colored arrows indicating the following directional terms:
Superior
Inferior
Anterior (Ventral)
Posterior (Dorsal)