1. “Native Americans”
Chapter 8
Section 3

2. Culture of the Great Plains
The Sioux and Dakota were nomads:
Roaming vast distances, following their main source force of food
The loss of hunting grounds, forced movement, and broken treaties resulted in a serious toll on Native Americans
Many began to resist

3. Cultures Under Pressure
The Dakota Sioux Uprising
The U.S. government issued annuities, or payments to reservation dwellers
Chief Little Crow
Led a resistance against the settlers because Congress was late with the annuity payments
Lakota Sioux Defend Their Territory
Fought hard to defend their hunting grounds
Leading the were chiefs Red Cloud, Crazy Horse, and Sitting Bull

4. Cultures Under Pressure
Sand Creek
Trade came to a standstill, dozens of ranches were burned, and over 200 settlers killed
The Cheyenne came to Camp Lyon to negotiate
Colonel Chivington attacked the Cheyenne at Sand creek
14 soldiers died and 6 to 600 Native Americans
A doomed Plan for Peace
Indian Peace Commission
Created two large reservations on the plains

5. The Last Native American Wars
The Army encouraged white hunters to kill buffalo to force Native Americans on reservations
Battle of the Little Bighorn
George A. Custer
Sitting Bull
Tragedy at Wounded Knee
Confrontation occurred because the Lakota chief’s followers continued to perform a ritual
Ghost dance

7. Assimilation
Some people believed that relationships would improve if Native Americans began to assimilate
The Dawes Act
Attempted to help Native Americans by selling land and building a trust of money for them
160 acres of land to the head of household
80 acres to a single adult
40 acres to each dependent child