1. Anatomy & Physiology The Human Body

2. Body Organization What’s the smallest unit of life? Cell
Human Body: trillion cells

3. Body Organization (cont.)
Cells  tissues  organs  organ systems  organisms

4. Levels of Organization

5. Skeletal System
Bones:
22 skull
27 hand
26 foot

6. Skeletal System (cont.)
# of bones:
Adults 206
Babies 300

7. Bone Structure Bone cells are living
Contain nerves, blood vessels & marrow

8. Compact & Spongy Bone

9. Bone Marrow - thick & jelly like - stores fat - makes blood cells
Bone Structure (cont.)
Bone Marrow
- thick & jelly like
- stores fat
- makes blood cells

10. Bones lined with dense tissue: cartilage Cushions bones
Bone Structure (cont.)
Bones lined with dense tissue: cartilage
Cushions bones
Provides support

11. Tendons: Tough fibers that connect muscle to bone
Bone Structure (cont.)
Tendons: Tough fibers that connect muscle to bone

12. Ligaments: Tough fibers that connect bone to bone
Bone Structure (cont.)
Ligaments: Tough fibers that connect bone to bone

13. Function of Bones 1. Support – provides framework for the body
2. Protection – for the brain, spinal cord, and vital organs

14. Function of Bones (cont.)
3. Movement – lever for muscle
4. Attachment – tendons connect muscle to bone

15. Function of Bones (cont.)
5. Blood Cell Production occurs in bone marrow
6. Mineral Storage Calcium & Phosphorus

17. Bone Connections

18. Fixed Joint
Connects plate-like bones of the skull

19. Hinge Joint Allows movement in two directions (Front & Back)
Ex. Elbow, Knee

20. Ball & Socket Joint
Allows full range of motion
Ex. shoulder

21. Cracking Knuckles Space between joints widen
Air bubble forms in the synovial fluid (joint lubricant)
Bubble bursts and makes cracking sound

22. Skeletal Conditions Bursitis Scoliosis Osteoporosis Arthritis Sprain
Fracture

23. Bursitis
Inflammation of the bursa (sac)

24. Scoliosis
Curvature of the spine

25. Osteoporosis Inefficient bone replacement
5-10% of bone mass lost every 10 years past age of 40

26. Arthritis
Joint inflammation
Ex. Rheumatoid arthritis

27. Sprain Over stretching of ligaments or tendons
Torn ligaments require surgery

28. Fracture
Broken bone
Multiple types