1. the communication model

2. Communication as Action Message: something that contains information
Channel: how a message is communicated
Encoding: the process of constructing a message
Noise: prevents message from being decoded
Decoding: the process of understanding a message
Encoding
Noise
Decoding
Channel
Source
Message
Receiver
Communication as
Action

3. Communication as Action Encoding Decoding Channel Noise Message Source
Receiver
Communication as
Action

4. Communication as Interaction Encoding/Decoding Channel
Noise
Encoding/Decoding
Channel
Encoding/ Decoding
Feedback
Message
Sender/
Receiver
Sender/ Receiver
Noise
Channel
Communication as
Interaction

5. Communication as Transaction Encoding/Decoding Encoding/ Decoding
Noise
Encoding/ Decoding
Channel
Sender/
Receiver
Sender/ Receiver
Always happening!
Messages
Communication as
Transaction

6. Is it still communication when the message is not understood?
YES.
When it’s not understood, it’s just poor communication.

7. You can’t not communicate.
Main Principle:
You can’t not communicate.
You are always communicating.