1. Bell Work: ISN page

2. A New Plan of Government
Roger Sherman proposed a two-house Congress, hoping to satisfy both small and large states. What support did he give to show how this solution would meet the needs of all states?

3. Sources
Britain provided the Framers with the most background knowledge

4. European Influences
English Magna Carta (1215) – limited the power of the king or queen
English Bill of Rights (1689)

5. John Locke – believed people had natural rights and government is based on an agreement between people and ruler
Baron de Montesquieu (France) – governments power should be divided and balanced making it difficult for one person or group to have too much power

6. Federalism
Federal and state governments share power

7. States: control trade inside their borders, set up local governments and schools, make laws about marriage and divorce
Federal: tax, manage trade, control the supply of money, form an army , declare war, pass laws that are ‘necessary and proper’
Shared powers (Concurrent powers): taxes, arrest and punish criminals

8. Supreme Power Constitution is the highest law of the land
States cannot make laws that go against the Constitution
Disagreements between federal government and states settled by federal courts
Decisions based on what the Constitution says

9. Government Structure Based on Montesquieu’s ideas of division of power
Federal government divided into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial

10. Name 3 branches of government and their jobs
Draw a tree with three limbs – one for each branch of the government
Draw leaves(4 per branch) to show which Article of the Constitution explains the powers, what the powers are, and who is in charge of each branch
Use textbook page 197 to find the information

13. Checks and Balances
Each branch has ways to check or limit the power of the other two
Prevents any branch from having too much control in the government