1. Quick Test Professional Training Part 1
Neha Thakur
Dec 02, 2010

2. Agenda
Test Automation
What & Why?
QTP: An overview
Intro to VBScript Language
Data Types
Algorithm
Variables/Constants
Operators
Arrays
Conditional Statements
Loop Structures
Best Scripting Practices

3. Test Automation
Test Automation is the use of software to control the following:
Test Creation
Setting up Test preconditions
Test Execution
Comparison of actual v/s expected results
Test Reporting functions
In short, test automation is to automate the existing manual testing process as effectively and efficiently as possible

4. Test Automation Benefits

5. Test Automation Challenges
Maintainability: Automated test requires maintenance
Skill-set: Creation of automation test suite requires skill sets such as knowledge programming language, testing tool etc
Cost Benefits: The cost of automating the tests are sometimes more than manual
Look & Feel verification: Difficult

6. QTP Overview Functional Testing Tool
An HP Product (Initially by Mercury Interactive)
Support wide ranges of environment: Web, VB, JAVA, Oracle, SAP, ActiveX and many more
Provide Expert and Keyword views
Default Scripting language: VBScript

7. VBScript Option Explicit Algorithm
A pseudo code to solve a problem, which contains
Initial Point
Logic
Steps (Instructions)
End Point
Problem: Add 2 numbers

8. VBScript
Algorithm: AddNumbers Step#1: Input first number Step#2: Input second number Step#3: Add two numbers Step#4: Output the sum

9. VBScript Data Types
VBScript supports only one data type called ‘Variant’. The variant data type is a special kind of data type that can contain different kinds of information . It is the default data type returned by all functions in VBScript.
What are the values of c & d below?

10. VBScript Variables
A variable is a placeholder that refers to a memory location that stores program information that may change at run time. A variable is referred to by its name for accessing the value stored or to modify its value.
Public Statement
Private Statement
Dim Statement
Note:  Variables declared with Dim at the script level are available to all procedures within the script. At the procedure level, variables are available only within the procedure.  Public statement variables are available to all procedures in all scripts.  Private statement variables are available only to the script in which they are declared. 

11. Working with constants
A constant is a variable within a program that never changes in value. Users can create their own constants by initializing variables accordingly and then not changing their value. VBScript defines the special True and False constants, as well.

12. Working with constants
Here are the various categories of constants provided in VBScript and a brief description of each:
Color Constants - Defines eight basic colors that can be used in scripting.
Date and Time Constants - Defines date and time constants used by various date and time functions.
Date Format Constants - Defines constants used to format dates and times.
Miscellaneous Constants - Defines constants that don't conveniently fit into any
other category.
MsgBox Constants - Defines constants used in the MsgBox function to describe button visibility, labeling, behavior, and return values.
String Constants - Defines a variety of non-printable characters used in string manipulation.
Tristate Constants - Defines constants used with functions that format numbers.
VarType Constants - Defines the various Variant subtypes.

13. VBScript Constants
A constant is a meaningful name that takes the place of a number or a string, and never changes. VBScript in itself has a number of defined intrinsic constants like vbOK, vbCancel, vbTrue, vbFalse and so on. Example: Const MY_STRING = "This is my string."Const MY_AGE = 49 Note: Standards can be defined to declare constants using only uppercase letters whereas all other variable are declared using first letter as smaller case.

14. VBScript Naming Convention
There are standard rules for naming variables in VBScript. A variable name:
Must begin with an alphabetic character.
Cannot contain an embedded period.
Must not exceed 255 characters.
Must be unique in the scope in which it is declared.

15. VBScript Operators Arithmetic Operators Comparison Operators
Description
Symbol
Addition +
Subtraction -
Multiplication *
Division /
Integer Division \
Exponentiation ^
Modulus arithmetic
Mod
Unary negation
String concatenation
&
Description
Symbol
Equality =
Inequality
<>
Less than
<
Greater than
>
Less than or equal to
<=
Greater than or equal to
>=
Object equivalence Is
Logical Operators
Description
Symbol
Logical negation
Not
Logical conjunction
And
Logical disjunction Or
Logical exclusion
Xor
Logical equivalence
Eqv
Logical implication
Imp

16. VBScript Conditional Constructs
Conditional Constructs execute statements or repeat certain set of statements based on conditions.  The following conditional constructs are available in VBScript :
If – Then –Else
Select Case 

17. Using Control Structures to Make Code Repeat
Looping allows you to run a group of statements repeatedly. Some loops repeat statements until a condition is False; others repeat statements until a condition is True.
The following looping statements are available in VBScript:
Do...Loop: Loops while or until a condition is True.
While...Wend: Loops while a condition is True.
For...Next: Uses a counter to run statements a specified number of times.
For Each...Next: Repeats a group of statements for each item in a collection or each element of an array.

18. Using Control Structures to Make Code RepeatDo
code to execute
Loop Until condition
Loop While condition
Do Until condition
code to execute
Loop
Do While condition
While condition
[statements]
Wend

19. Variable Naming Conventions
Subtype
Prefix
Example
Boolean b
bExist
DateTime d
dNow
String s
sName
Object o
oFile
Integer, Byte, Long
n (numeric)
nCounter
Single, Double f
fPrice
Error
err
errResponse
Array
arr
arrLabels
Currency c
cDollar

20. Overriding Standard Variable Naming Conventions
You can override standard variable naming conventions by placing your variable name in brackets. This allows you to use reserved words or illegal characters in variable names.
In a common usage, is not recommended to use this syntax. However, is possible.

21. Working with Arrays
Array variables and scalar variables are declared in the same way, except that the declaration of an array variable uses parentheses ( ) following the variable name. Arrays are useful when you're storing sets of similar data because they often make it easier to manipulate the data together.
Fixed Length Arrays
Dynamic Arrays
The benefit of a dynamic array is that if you don't know how large the array will be when you write the code, you can create code that sets or changes the size while the VBScript code is running. A dynamic array is created in the same way as a fixed array, but you don't put any bounds in the declaration.
Eventually, you need to tell VBScript how many elements the array will contain. You can do this with the ReDim function. ReDim tells VBScript to "re-dimension“ the array to however many elements you specify. ReDim takes dimensions the same way Dim can.