1. ECE-1466 Modern Optics Course Notes Part 8
Prof. Charles A. DiMarzio
Northeastern University
Spring 2002
May 02002
Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

2. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Phase Microscopy
Differential Interference
Phase Contrast
True Phase Microscopy
Phase Reconstruction from Amplitude
May 02002
Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

3. Phase Contrast MicroscopyF’ F’ F F A’ A
Obscuration in Pupil Plane Removed “DC” and Low Spatial Frequencies
May 02002
Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

4. Phase Contrast 1-D Example50
100
150
200
250
300 -1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8 1
Field in
Image Space 50
100
150
200
250
300 -1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8 1
New Field in
Image Space
Amplitude in Pupil 50
100
150
200
250
300
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8 50
100
150
200
250
300 20 40 60 80
120
140
160
180
New Irradiance in
Image Space
May 02002
Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

5. Phase Contrast 2-D Example50
100
150
200
250 -1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8 1 50
100
150
200
250
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Image Plane 50
100
150
200
250
0.5 1
1.5 2
2.5
x 10 4 50
100
150
200
250
0.5 1
1.5 2
2.5
x 10 4
Pupil
Plane
May 02002
Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

6. Differential Interference Contrast
Polarizing Cube at Illumination Lens Splits Beam and Another Polarizing Cube at the Objective Puts it Back Together.
May 02002
Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

7. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
DIC 1-D Example
Field in
Image Space 50
100
150
200
250 -2
-1.5 -1
-0.5
0.5 1
1.5 2 50
100
150
200
250
300 -1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8 1
New Field in
Image Space
2 Fields in Image Space 50
100
150
200
250
300 -1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8 1 50
100
150
200
250
0.5 1
1.5 2
2.5 3
3.5 4
New Irradiance in
Image Space
May 02002
Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

8. Quadrature Imaging Concept
Balanced Mixing
May 19

9. How Could QTM Count Cells in Compact Embryo?
QTM Phase
DIC
Assumed Index
Profile Before
Compaction
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9 1
1.1 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3
M10026.m
M10026.m
Assumed Index
Profile During
Compaction
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.5 1
1.5 2
2.5
M10026.m
M10026.m
May 02002
Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

10. Phase Retrieval from Amplitude
Measure Irradiance at Plane A
Measure Irradiance at Plane B
Guess Field at Plane A
Object A B
Keep Phase, and Change Amplitude to Match the Measurement
Compute Field at Plane B
Keep Phase, and Change Amplitude to Match the Measurement
Compute Field at Plane A
May 02002
Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University