1. A Non-invasive Method to Assess Hepatic Acetyl-CoA In Vivo
Rachel J. Perry, Liang Peng, Gary W. Cline, Kitt Falk Petersen, Gerald I. Shulman 
Cell Metabolism 
Volume 25, Issue 3, Pages (March 2017)
DOI: /j.cmet
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2. Cell Metabolism 2017 25, 749-756DOI: (10.1016/j.cmet.2016.12.017)
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3. Figure 1
Synthetic Pathway for β-OHB Production from Acetyl-CoA and Related Hepatic Fluxes
BDH1, β-OHB dehydrogenase; CS, citrate synthase; HMGCL, 3-hydroxymethyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase; HMGCS2, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2; PC, pyruvate carboxylase; PDH, pyruvate dehydrogenase; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; PEPCK, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase; PK, pyruvate kinase.
Cell Metabolism  , DOI: ( /j.cmet )
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4. Figure 2 Hepatic Acetyl-CoA Degrades Rapidly after Excision
Data are the mean ± SEM of n = 3 per time point.
Cell Metabolism  , DOI: ( /j.cmet )
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5. Figure 3
This Study Employed Five Models with a Wide Range of Fasting Plasma Glucose Concentrations and Hepatic Glucose Production Rates
(A) Hepatic glucose production (umol/min).
(B) Liver acetyl-CoA content.
(C) Plasma β-OHB concentration.
(D) Whole-body β-OHB turnover.
In all panels, data are the mean ± SEM of n = 8 (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp), n = 6 (HFD), or n =12 (control, HFD-STZ, T1D) rats per group.
Cell Metabolism  , DOI: ( /j.cmet )
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6. Figure 4
β-OHB Turnover Strongly Correlates with Hepatic Acetyl-CoA Content
(A) β-OHB turnover versus hepatic acetyl-CoA: individual data points.
(B) β-OHB turnover versus hepatic acetyl-CoA: group means; data are the mean ± SEM of n = 8 (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp), n = 6 (HFD), or n = 12 (control, HFD-STZ, T1D) rats per group. (C) Plasma β-OHB versus hepatic acetyl-CoA.
Cell Metabolism  , DOI: ( /j.cmet )
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7. Figure 5
Both β-OHB Turnover and Hepatic Acetyl-CoA Correlate with Hepatic Glucose Protection
(A) HGP versus hepatic acetyl-CoA.
(B) HGP versus whole-body β-OHB turnover.
Cell Metabolism  , DOI: ( /j.cmet )
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8. Figure 6
Hepatic Glucose Production Is Dissociated from Hepatic Acetyl-CoA Content in Rats Infused with Glycerol
(A–C) Plasma glycerol (A), glucose (B), and insulin (C).
(D) Hepatic glucose production.
(E and F) Plasma non-esterified fatty acid (E) and β-OHB concentrations (F).
(G) Whole-body β-OHB turnover.
(H) Hepatic acetyl-CoA content. Controls are duplicated from Figure 2. n = 12 controls and five glycerol-infused rats.
Data are the mean ± SEM. ∗p <0.05, ∗∗p <0.01, ∗∗∗p <0.001, ∗∗∗∗p < by a two-tailed paired (A)–(F) or unpaired (G) and (H) Student’s t test.
Cell Metabolism  , DOI: ( /j.cmet )
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9. Figure 7
Hepatic Glucose Production Is Dissociated from Hepatic Acetyl-CoA Concentrations in the Comparison between the Recently Fed and the Starved States
(A and B) Plasma glucose (A) and insulin (B) concentrations.
(C) Whole-body glucose turnover.
(D and E) Plasma β-OHB concentrations (D) and whole-body β-OHB turnover (E).
(F) Hepatic acetyl-CoA.
In all panels, data are the mean ± SEM of n = 5 per group. ∗p <0.05, ∗∗p <0.01, ∗∗∗∗p < by the two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test.
Cell Metabolism  , DOI: ( /j.cmet )
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions