1. iClicker Questions for Psychology, Seventh Edition by Peter Gray Chapter 15: Personality

2. A relatively stable predisposition to behave in a certain way is a:
personality.
trait.
state.
tradition.
Answer: b

3. You decide to set up a dating service based on the Big Five principles of personality. You measure people for their personality types. Which of the following personality types would you think would be the best match?
Hostile and Hostile
Open and Closed
Open and Open
Neurotic and Neurotic
Answer: c

4. Mischel and his colleagues argued that personality characteristics are learned habits of thinking and behaving, which are acquired and manifested in particular social situations.  They were advocates of the _________ theory of personality.
Big Five
extroversion-introversion
physiological
social-cognitive
Answer: d

5. Central to the biological explanation of traits is the concept of:
surface traits.
central traits.
heritability.
validity.
Answer: c

6. Angela and Enrico are sister and brother
Angela and Enrico are sister and brother. Angela is extremely neat, prefers reading to going out with friends, and is always willing to help prepare dinner for the family, all behaviors exhibited by her mother. Enrico, on the other hand, uses the floor in his room as a closet, enjoys going to parties, and avoids doing his chores, behaviors that reflect his father’s irresponsible, sociable behavior. A plausible explanation for this split-parent identification offered by Frances Schachter is that it:
Answer: d
reflects the evolutionary role of men and women.
actually reflects their birth order.
reinforces inherited traits.
reduces sibling rivalry.

7. Family provides individuals with their first social environment
Family provides individuals with their first social environment.  In carving out an individual’s niche within the family, ______ often occurs.
parent contrast
split-parent identification
openness to experience
self-efficacy
Answer: b

8. Of the Big Five personality factors, the largest and most consistent gender differences occur on the ________ dimension.
agreeableness-antagonism
extroversion-introversion
neuroticism-stability
conscientiousness-undirectedness
Answer: a

9. Of the defense mechanisms proposed by Freud, which is exemplified by homophobia?
Displacement
Repression
Reaction formation
Projection
Answer: c

10. Children who have witnessed a parent’s murder report memories that most clearly challenge Freud’s concept of:
rationalization.
the Oedipus complex.
displacement.
repression.
Answer: d

11. The process of becoming one’s true self is:
self-concept.
personal myth.
phenomenological reality.
self-actualization.
Answer: d

12. The personality theories presented in the text are culturally limited because:
they emphasize Western values of individuality and autonomy.
they were developed primarily by Eastern psychologists.
they were all developed by English-speaking psychologists.
all of the above.
Answer: a