1. Energy Resources

2. Learning objectives
To learn how fossil fuels were formed and how they are obtained
To consider how long they may last.

3. Carbon based energy forms
These have provided the majority of the worlds energy since the early industrial revolution.
They are:

4. How Coal was formed http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MBeXRRTGjNE
o_id=40991

6. Where is the coal?
Coal resources are located by geologists. It is thought that most of
the world’s resources have already been located,
but the continent of Antarctica remains unexploited.

7. How is coal mined?
Originally harvested by hand this picture from NE England (Billy Elliot territory) shows the practice still taking place in 1939.

8. Early pit mines A medieval bell pit from Scotland (originally started
in the 1200s)

9. What you would see today in the hills near Manchester

10. Mine Shafts (adits)
As this 16th century German drawing shows mines became more complex

11. Today
Modern Mechanised USA
More typical and traditional Pakistan

12. Open Cast coal mines
Much more high tech, much more impact on surface environment, much more economical.

13. Do this activity – on blackboard

14. How are crude oil/natural gas formed
scicast.com/view_clip.cfm?cit_id=2869 #

15. How oil and gas are formed contd

16. How and where we find oil

17. Natural oil seepage (Azerbaijan)

18. How oil is obtained On land At sea

19. First oil well
Titusville, Pennsylvania, US Drake’s well today

21. Natural gas
Gas rigs being built in Scotland

22. World reserves and usage
Fossil fuels will remain the primary sources of energy, meeting more than 90% of the increase in demand.  Global oil demand will rise by about 1.7% per year, from 75mb/d in 2000 to 120mb/d in 2030. 
World reserves (recent estimate) million barrels
= about 25 ½ years supply at predicted usage

23. Where the oil is

24. Known resources (mid 2000s)

25. Other factors to consider
1. More may be found (Antarctica!)
2. Usage may grow more or less than predicted
3. Value will increase making currently uneconomic reserves workable
4. Cost may increase reducing consumption.
5. Global warming may become catastrophic and fossil fuel use may have to stop.

26. Gas reserves

27. Los Heroes

28. Homework Oil formation (in teams)
Draw a poster to show the process of oil formation and its extraction.
Include
1. the stages of its production
2. information explaining how the oil is formed
3. Information showing time scale
4. Include it against a background of world oil producing areas.
5. Include images showing its extraction explaining what is being shown. (5 marks per section)