1. Constitutional Monarchy in England

2. Background Magna Carta: Limits power of English king 1215
King & Parliament fight over power and money
Parliament only meets at request of king
Protestants & Catholics fight over Church of England

3. James I (r.1603-1625) Strong believer in Divine Right
Wrote The Trew Law of Free Monarchies (1598)
Wants Anglican Church to be a middle road
Despite Puritans demands to rid church of “excess”
Refuses to dismiss Bishops
“No Bishop, No King”
Does consent to a new translation of the Bible
The Authorized Version or King James Version

4. Charles I (r )
War with Spain & France forces Charles to call parliament for money
Parliament wants certain promises in return
Signs “Petition of Right” (1628), then dissolves parliament until 1640
limits king’s power, then ignores it
Raises money through other means
Ship Money
Selling titles

5. Charles I and religion
Marries Catholic, makes peace with Spain and France
Angers Protestants
Appoints William Laud Archbishop of Canterbury
Anti-puritan, uses “Court of High Commission to prosecute”
Imposes Anglicanism on Presbyterian Scotland
Scots invade England

6. Charles I Charles calls Parliament for cash to fight Scots
The Long Parliament ( )
Pass the Triennial Act
Parliament must meet every 3 years
Abolish Star Chamber
Get rid of Bishops
The Irish gentry rebels against English landlords
Parliament refuses to give Charles an army (no trust)

7. English Civil War
Follows Charles’ failed attempt to arrest members of Parliament
Royalists (Cavaliers) Vs Parliament (Roundheads)
Parliament wins under leadership of Oliver Cromwell & the “New Model Army”
Charles tried and executed by the “Rump Parliament”
All that was left following

8. English Civil War

10. English Commonwealth 1649-1659
Republic then dictatorship under Cromwell
Title of “Lord Protector”
Many Puritan reforms
Close theatres
Outlaw dancing

11. Restoration 1660
Charles II (r ) invited by parliament to become king
Mercantilist policies
Passes the Navigation Act (1651)to hurt Dutch shipping
Catholic sympathies
Forced to pass the Test Act (1672)
No Catholic could serve in government
Aimed at Charles’ Catholic brother James

12. James II (r.1685-1688) Unskilled, wants absolutism Appoints Catholics
Has son

13. Glorious Revolution 1688
Parliament invites James’ Protestant daughter Mary and husband William to take throne
James flees to France
bloodless

14. English Bill of Rights 1689
Signed by W&M, creates constitutional monarchy
Limits power of monarchy
Power shared between Parliament and King

15. Finishing England & The Dutch Golden Age

16. English Bill of Rights 1689
Signed by W&M, creates constitutional monarchy
Limits power of monarchy
Power shared between Parliament and King

17. The Cabinet System Group of Parliamentary Advisors to the king
Becomes center of English power
Led by the Prime Minister
Robert Walpole first PM, gains significant influence and power

18. Thomas Hobbes Leviathan 1651
Government exists to keep wicked people in order
Absolute Monarchy best type of gov. to do this
People give up rights for law and order

20. John Locke 2nd Treatise on Government 1689
People agree to form governments to protect their natural rights; life, liberty, & property
If gov. does not protect rights  overthrow it
People can reason and run their own government- democracy

21. The Dutch Republic (The United Provinces of the Netherlands)
17th Century is their “Golden Age”
Independence from Spain
Declared 1581
Earned 1607
Recognized 1648

22. Dutch Government Power divided between
“Stadholder”- Individual who ran army, maintained order
Led by the House of Orange
Pushed for monarchial control
“States General”- Assembly of representatives from each province
In control for much of 17th & 18th centuries
Mostly represented the wealthy middle class

23. Dutch Wealth Economic prosperity fueled by shipping and trading
Dutch East & West India Trading Companies
Settlement in South Africa
Religious tolerance allows productive members from other countries to immigrate
Amsterdam becomes banking center
Decline starts following wars with France and Spain

24. Dutch Society Highest standard of living in Europe
More Calvinist in first half of 17th c., less in later 17th c.

25. Jan Steen

26. Rembrandt

27. Johannes Vermeer