1. Big 7 - Chapter 1
Intro to Science

2. Do Now Getting to know you: Describe the highlight of your summer
Describe a low point of your summer
What is one thing you want to do differently to improve your school year?

4. Big 7 - Chapter 1.1 – Intro to Science
Define Science
A system of knowledge based on facts or principles
What do Scientists do?
Perform experiments, explain things, check results, test current theories
Branches of science
Biological – living things
Earth Science – the earth
Physical Science – matter and energy
Science vs. Technology
Technology is the use of science for practical application
Scientific Theory
An explanation that has been tested by repeated observations
Scientific Law
A statement about a set of observations
Types of Observations
Quantitative observation uses numbers
Qualitative observation doesn’t use numbers

5. Big 7 - Chapter 1.2 – Scientific Method
Critical Thinking
Scientific Method
Hypothesis
Conclusion
Variable
Accuracy
Precision

6. Do Now Scientific Method in Daily Life
Give three examples of how you may problem-solving throughout the day.

7. How you use science skills:
Make a prediction about a technology we may have in the future. It can be specific to your life or the world in general. Why do you think this will occur or not occur?
Compared to ten years ago, describe a discovery that has improved the quality of your life. How has it improved the quality of life?
Describe an instance in which you identified a problem and came up with a solution.

8. Critical Thinking:
Applying logic and reason to observations and conclusion

9. A critical thinking process used to solve scientific problems
Scientific Method:

10. Steps to Design an Experiment Hypothesize or Predict
State the Problem
Hypothesize or Predict
Conclude
Plan your Experiment
Analyze Data
Record & Organize Data
Perform Experiment

11. Do Now
You’re helping write a futuristic movie taking place at a school 10 years from now. Describe one way life could be different.

12. Educated guess;
Testable explanation of a situation that can be supported or disproved by careful procedures
Hypothesis:

13. Observation:
Using your senses to find out what is going on around you

14. The determination as to whether your results supported your hypothesis
Conclusion:

15. Variable
Anything that is changed in an experiment (the goal is to change only one)

16. Closeness of the measurement to the accepted value
Accuracy:
High Accuracy
Low Accuracy

17. Exactness of a measurement
Precision:

18. Big 7 - Chapter 1.2 – Scientific Method
Critical Thinking
Applying logic and reason to observations and conclusion
Scientific Method
A critical thinking process used to solve scientific problems
Hypothesis
A proposed answer to a question
Conclusion
The determination as to whether your results supported your hypothesis
Variable
Anything that is changed in an experiment (goal is to change only one)
Accuracy
Closeness of the measurement to the accepted value
Precision
Exactness of a measurement

19. Big 7 - Chapter 1.3 – Metric System part 1
What is the metric system?
Why use it?
Unit Conversions
Use of Prefixes
Large Prefixes
Small Prefixes
Significant Figures

20. What is the metric system?
It is a system of measurements that uses powers of ten (SI for short) 10 10 10 10 10

21. SI units are used all around the world and it is easier to work in powers of ten
Why use it? 10

22. 1 inch = 2.54 cm Unit Conversions:
The process of going from one unit to another
Ex: going from feet to centimeters
1 inch = 2.54 cm
3.00 inches
X cm
1 inch
= 7.62 cm

23. 1 inch = 2.54 cm
9.00 cm
X 1 inch
2.54 cm
= 3.54 inches

24. Prefixes before a unit change the value of the number
Use of Prefixes

25. Means that a number has a larger value
Large Prefixes:
Kilo = x or x 103
Mega = x 1,000,000 or x 106
Giga = x 1,000,000,000 or x 109
Tera = x 1,000,000,000,000 or x 1012

26. Centi = x .01 or x 10-2 Milli = x .001 or x 10-3
Means that a number has a smaller value
Small Prefixes:
Centi = x or x 10-2
Milli = x or x 10-3
Micro = x .000,001 or x 10-6

27. Digits reported in a measurement:
Significant Figures
Digits reported in a measurement:
How would you measure this? , 1.9, or
You measure all known plus one digit that is uncertain.

28. Big 7 - Chapter 1.4 – Metric System part 2
Length
Mass
Volume
Speed
Energy
Temperature
Force

29. Do now: Copy the following into your notebook:
Measure
U.S.
Unit/Symbol
METRIC
Length
Mass
Area
Volume
Temperature
Time

30. 1 inch = 2.54 cm 1 mile = 1.61 km Length Metric: meters (m)
English: miles and inches
1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 mile = 1.61 km

31. At your desk, use a meter stick to measure the following:
Try It
Width of your desk in meters:
cm:
Length of your note paper in cm:
mm:
Height of your table in cm:
Thickness of your pencil or pen in mm:

32. Mass
Metric: grams (g)
English: slugs (slug)

33. At your desk, partner up and use a triple beam balance to measure:
Try It
Person 1 measure the mass of your phone:
Person 2 measure the mass of one other object:
What UNIT should you use to label your answers?

34. Metric: liters (L) for liquids m3 for solids English: gallons and cups
Volume
Metric: liters (L) for liquids
m3 for solids
English: gallons and cups
yd3
1 gallon = 3.78 liters
1 cup = .237 liters

35. At your desk, determine the volume of a given container:
Try It
The graduated cylinder:
The beaker:
Which container gives you a more PRECISE measurement? Why?

37. Temperature
Metric: Celsius (C)
English: Fahrenheit (F)
212˚F = 100 ˚C
70 ˚F = 21 ˚C
32 ˚F = 0 ˚C

38. At your desk, determine the temperature of a given substance:
Try It
Place the thermometer into the beaker:
What unit should you use to label your answer?

39. Metric: meters per second (m/s) English: miles per hour (mph)
Speed
Metric: meters per second (m/s)
English: miles per hour (mph)
1 mph = .45 m/s

40. On the road, the metric speed is kilometer per hour (km/hr)
30 mph is about 50 km/hr
60 mph is about 100 km/hr

41. Energy
Metric: Joules (J)
English: calories (cal)

42. Force
Metric: Newton (N)
English: pound-force (lbF)

43. Big 7 - Chapter 1.4 – Intro to the Metric System
Length
Metric units is meters (m) vs.
English is miles and inches
Mass
Metric: grams (g)
English: slugs
Volume
Metric: liters (L)
English: gallons and cups
Speed
Metric: meters per second (m/s)
English: miles per hour
Energy
Metric: Joules (J)
English: calories
Temperature
Metric: Celsius (C)
English: Fahrenheit (F)
Force
Metric: Newton (N)
English: slug (slug)

44. Big 7 - Chapter 1.5 – Scientific Notation
What is it?
Coefficient:
Base:
Exponent:
Non Decimal Numbers
Moving Decimals
Adding and Subtracting
Multiplying and Dividing 44

45. A convenient way to write very large or very small numbers
What is it?
Ex: 6,200,000 is written as 6.2x106
Ex:0.000,021 is written as 2.1x10-5

46. 3.7 x 10 5 Coefficient: Base: Exponent:
Note: Coefficient must always be between 1 and 10
Coefficient:
Base:
Exponent:
3.7 x

47. Identify the following parts of the number:
3.24 x 10 4
6.7 x 10 7
4.592 x 10 -3

48. Ex: 62 is the same as 62. Ex: 467 is the same as 467.
Non-Decimal Numbers
For a number without a decimal, place the decimal all the way to the right.
Ex: 62 is the same as 62.
Ex: 467 is the same as 467.

49. x 10 2 625. = 6.25x102 When you move the decimal: Moving Decimals
- To the Left, exponent increases by 1
- To the right, exponent decreases by 1
Moving Decimals
x 10 2
625.
= 6.25x102

50. x 10 2
750.
670,000.
x 10 5
x 10 -2
0.021

51. x 10 2
751.2 +2
= x 104

52. x 10 2
751.2 +2
= x 104

53. Adding and Subtracting
Step 1: Convert both numbers to the same exponential value
Step 2: Add the coefficient for addition or subtract the coefficient for subtraction
Step 3: Move decimal to proper place

54. Multiplying and Dividing
Step 1: Multiply or Divide your coefficients
Step 2: Add exponents if multiplying or subtract exponents if dividing
Step 3: Move decimal to proper place

55. Big 7 - Chapter 1.5 – Scientific Notation
A convenient way to write very large or very small numbers
What is it?
Note: Coefficient must always be between 1 and 10
Coefficient:
Base:
Exponent:
3.7 x
Non Decimal Numbers
For a number without a decimal, place the number all the way to the right
Moving Decimals
Exp. Increases by 1 if move decimal to left
Exp. Decreases by 1 if move decimal to right
Adding and Subtracting
Make both numbers the same exponent
Add or subtract the coefficient
Move decimal to proper place
Multiplying and Dividing
a. Multiply or Divide coefficients
Add or subtract exponents
Move decimal to proper place 55

56. Big 7 - Chapter 1.6 – Graphs Why use Graphs? Bar Graph Pie Graph
Line Graph
Interpreting Line Graphs
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable

57. Why use Graphs?
Graphs help us organize and view data in a way we can easily interpret

58. Bar Graph
Best for comparing several types of data

59. Pie Graph
Best for comparing percentages

60. Line Graph
Best for displaying
data change

61. After 3 minutes, we have a water temperature of 80 degrees
Interpreting Line Graphs
“After x title, we have y title”
After 3 minutes, we have a water temperature of 80 degrees

62. “I control the amount of time of heating involved!”
Something that is manipulated or changed;
“What do I control?”
Independent Variable
“I control the amount of time of heating involved!”

63. I observe an increase in water temperature!
Dependent Variable
Changes based on the manipulation of the independent variable; “What do I observe?”
I observe an increase in water temperature!

64. Big 7 - Chapter 1.6 – Graphs Why use Graphs?
Graphs help us organize and view data in a way we can easily interpret
Bar Graph
Best for comparing several types of data
Pie Graph
Best for comparing percentages
Line Graph
Best for displaying
data change
Interpreting Line Graphs
“After x title, we have y title”
Ex: After 5 seconds, we have 10m/s
Independent Variable
Something that manipulated or changed;
“What do I change?”
Dependent Variable
Changes based on the manipulation of the independent variable; “What do I observe?”