1. Theories of Social Change
Applying Theory to
Current Issues
(Ethiopia)

2. Improving Education Quality, Equity and Access in Ethiopia
Evolutionary Theory of Change
Simple society
Low school attendance
Restrictive access
Poor teacher training
High drop-out rate
Low level success
Complex Society
High school attendance
Equity and Inclusion
ESDP IV - Good training
GEQIP - Low rate
High level success
BUT, QUALITY DECLINES

3. Improving Education Quality, Equity and Access in Ethiopia
Cyclical Theory of Change
Families do education
Low school attendance
Policies improve access
Massive increase in #’s
Quality declines
High drop outs etc.
ESDP IV and GEQIP
Education in its infancy
Accepted part of society
Still an immature system but improving
System matures to include
plans for improved quality etc

4. Improving Education Quality, Equity and Access in Ethiopia
Challenge and Response Theory of Change
Societies constantly faced with challenges
How they respond to challenge determines societies progress
Challenge
Low school attendance
Low education levels
Poor education quality
Response
Improve access to underpriviledged
ESDP IV and GEQIP
Result: Increased student attendance
Result: Better teaching/learning/success

5. Improving Education Quality, Equity and Access in Ethiopia
Conflict Theory of Change Doesn’t really explain situation in Ethiopia

6. Theories of Social Change
Applying Theory to
Current Issues
(Britain)

7. Improving Education Quality, Equity and Access in Ethiopia
Evolutionary Theory of Change
SIMPLE
Limited Health Insurance
Workers covered only
Dependents NOT covered
Some people had to pay for health care
Two types of hospitals
Poorly coordinated
COMPLEX
Complete Health Insur.
Everyone covered
No one had to pay
One public hospital system
Well coordinated and part of social reconstruction

8. Improving Education Quality, Equity and Access in Ethiopia
Cyclical Theory of Change
Limited Health Insurance
Workers covered only
Some people had to pay
Two types of hospitals etc.
Two approaches to reform
One public hospital system
Well coordinated
Health Care in its infancy
Accepted that system not good and has to change
Growing up.
Master social plan for health
care, education etc.

9. Improving Education Quality, Equity and Access in Ethiopia
Challenge and Response Theory of Change
Societies constantly faced with challenges
How they respond to challenge determines societies progress
Challenge
Many people not covered
Hospitals not funded well
Hospitals not coordinated
Two proposals based on different things
Response
Two Proposals to reform
Attempt to make system more universal
Beveridge asked to plan social reconstruction
Result: Focus on what is not working
Result: Better Health Care as part of master plan

10. Improving Education Quality, Equity and Access in Ethiopia
Conflict Theory of Change Doesn’t really explain situation in Ethiopia