1. "What you do speaks so loud that I cannot hear what you say
"What you do speaks so loud that I cannot hear what you say."  ~ Ralph Waldo Emerson~
Delivery of Speech

3. Delivery (nonverbal and verbal)
Tips for Presenters
Things to Avoid
Speech Anxiety

4. A: Delivery nonverbal Posture Quick tip:
don’t lean
the podium is not there to hold you up, nor are you there to keep it down
avoid swaying and bouncing
don’t shift from one foot to another
give the impression of being on your toes
don’t be glued to one spot
move around the room
good posture portrays confidence; square your feet shoulder-width apart and plant flat on the ground.
keep your arms at your sides unless making gestures; to emphasize strong points you’ll want to use movements that are deliberate and precise but look natural and spontaneous.
be aware of habits like arm crossing, leaning against a wall or the podium, or tapping a pen
Quick tip:
Practice your speech in front of a mirror to evaluate your presentation style and body movements and adjust accordingly.
Try many different ways to find a comfortable balance of gestures to use in front of an audience.

5. Delivery con’t… verbal pause before and after don’t state a title
some pauses are good
pause after an important piece of information to let the audience take it in, etc.
don’t state a title
if you do a good job constructing your speech, we’ll know what it’s about without the aid of a title
don’t say “The End.”
that’s what a conclusion is for
use voice effectively
change your tone when appropriate, vary your pitch and change your volume and the speed of your words; put feeling and energy into you voice
if you’re talking about Jim Henson, practice your Kermit impersonation
avoid “uh” “and” “um”
very distracting
maintain eye contact
once you break eye contact, you lose your audience, but don’t stare them down either

6. B: Tips for Presenters
Eye contact
Understanding
Humor
Practice

7. 1. Eye Contact Quick tips:
not just reading; not turning your back to them; move toward your audience;
act like you’re not afraid of them even if you are
scan the class as you talk
helps your audience feel more relaxed and builds confidence in your speaking knowledge and ability
Quick tips:
maintain eye contact by knowing your speech so you only have to glance at your notes occasionally
find a few friendly faces in the audience; someone who reacts to your message and concentrate on delivering your speech to them
don’t actually look at anyone, pick a spot over their shoulder and focus on that

8. 2. Understanding Does your audience understand what you’re explaining?
always check for understanding
don’t talk over your audience: then no one will understand
wait until the class/audience is quiet before you begin/restart speaking
good way to get the audience involved

9. 3. Humor inject some humor into your speech
the objective is not to be a comedian but to establish a comfortable atmosphere and have fun
a little humor in your speech lets the audience know you are human and people actually learn more if they’re having fun
humor can mean the difference between an average speech and an outstanding presentation

10. 4. Practice
The more nervous you tend to be when speaking in public, the more you need to practice, practice, practice!

11. C: Things to Avoid avoid the following: gum chewing
nervous hand movements i.e. playing with belt, pen, change in pockets, hair, clothes, etc…
umms, aahs, and too many ands
“You guys”-- use class, students, audience, everyone, etc.

12. Activity: Avoid No-No’s
each group will receive an envelope containing different anxiety markers in speech givers and an envelope containing different tongue twisters
pick a slip of paper from each envelope
read the tongue twister using the anxiety marker picked
rest of group members determine what anxiety marker is being used
person wearing the most green goes first

13. D: Speech Anxiety
Courage is what it takes to stand up and speak; courage is also what it takes to sit down and listen. ~Winston Churchill~

14. What makes speakers anxious?
How to gain some confidence
Coping with anxiety
Coping during the speech
Accepting Criticism

15. 1. What Makes Speakers Anxious?
lack of experience
feeling different (inferior)
being the center of attention
“Oh yeah…I should have practiced…”

16. 2. How To Gain Some Confidence
prepare and practice often
the better you know your speech the less anxious you will feel about screwing up or forgetting something
modify thoughts and attitudes; think positively
remember if you get called to the principal's office thinking you’re in trouble, all you will hear is negativity

17. Confidence con’t
accept nervousness as normal--work with it rather than fight it
you’re nervous, so what
use it to your advantage; the more nervous you are the more you need to practice and the more you practice the better you’re speech will be
I guarantee you will always be nervous to some extent in public speaking situations

18. How to fake confidence maintain eye contact control emotions
admit mistakes
doesn’t fidget
uses appropriate facial expressions
maintains appropriate distance

19. 2. Coping with Anxiety choose a topic with which you are comfortable
prepare thoroughly
practice delivery and timing
when practicing do not stop until reach end of speech then revise
get enough sleep the night before
use mental relaxation techniques

20. Mental relaxation Techniques
relax your mind: close your eyes and think happy thoughts, visualize success
remember your goal: you are not performing, but communicating
concentrate on your message: what ideas are you trying to express
study your topic: know your facts
prepare your intro and conclusion
control your anxiety: remind yourself that anxiety is normal and useful
listen to music: pick relaxing music that puts you in a good mood
think of your audience as friendly: pretend they are your best friends
make yourself yawn
breathe by inhaling deeply
do slow head rolls
sit in a chair and go limp
tighten every muscle in body and 1 by 1 release

21. Other relaxation methods
Stress-control breathing
Stage 1: inhale air-abdomen out, exhale air-abdomen in; develop a rhythm
Stage 2: inhale and exhale while saying a word calm or relax
after each exhale take a 3-5 second break
Natural Gestures
Even though they should look natural, it is best to practice when and what kind of gestures will be used
Freedom to Walk
you may walk around, but it should not be too often; otherwise it becomes a distraction to the audience

22. 3. Coping During the Speech
dress comfortably, but appropriately
deliver the speech with outward signs of confidence; fake it if you have to
concentrate on the audience instead of self
before beginning, take a few deep breaths
tense and relax your hands and legs

23. Accepting Criticism Control Defensiveness
Depersonalize the Speech Evaluation
look at the evaluation as something to improve on not something that is criticizing you
don’t take it to heart, so to speak; anything written in the evaluation is going to be something you can fix
Control Defensiveness
naturally we react defensively when told what need to work on, realize that these are suggestions to help you, not tear you down
Seek Clarification
Sometimes the critic is not as clear in what could be improved on, so ask them to clarify what they mean; again not in an oppositional way
Understand Reason
try to honestly understand why they made the suggestions that where made

24. Finally… Seek pleasure in the occasion
think to yourself, “I’m up here to tell everyone about ________ which is really interesting/something they need to know about. Now’s my chance to help people better understand my topic.”